A&P 2404 More Notes
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| What is large ONLY early in life; atrophies after puberty & is the site of maturation of T-cells? | Thymus
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| What is located around the entrance to the throat? | Tonsils
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| End in blind pockets(pouches) are called what? | crypts
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| Where is M.A.L.T (mucosa associated lymphoid tissue) Located? | In the walls of the small intestines(peyer's patches), appendix & walls of bronchi
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| How is lymph transported? | Skeletal muscle pump, respiratory pump,valves(prevent backflow), pulsation of near arteries
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| What are Chemicals in the Immune system? | Complement, Inferons, Perforin & Antibodies
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| This chemical of the immune system has a group of at least 20 plasma proteins; plays a role in specific and Non specific defenses & is a chemotactic agent that inhances leukocytosis | Complement
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| This chemical of the Immune system has small proteins that are released by virus-infected cells to uninfected cells; these are taken up & incorporated and will Interfere with Viral replication | Interferons
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| What chemical of the immune system has cytotoxic T's that kill directly contains Interleukin 1(machrophages) & Interleukin 2 (help T's) | Perforin
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| What is Cytotoxic T's main weapon? | a Cytolytic protein
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| Where are cytolytic proteins found? | in the granules of CD8 Tcells and NK cells
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| Do antibodies kill directly? | No
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| Which cells provide humoral immunity? | B-cells
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| What are the mechanisms of antibody action? | Agglutination,Precipitation,Complement fixation, & neutralization
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| What are antibodies made of? | Proteins, 4 amino acid chains, 2 heavy & 2 Light
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| Antibodies contain all of the following binding sites.. | Antigen binding site, complement binding site, macrophage bing site
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| What are the mechanisms involved in Autoregulation in kidneys? | Myogenic mechanism, tubuloglomerular feedback, & Renin-angiotesin mechanism
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| In Autoregulation of kidneys, which mechanism has smooth mucsle contractions when stretched? | Myogenic mechanism
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| In autoregulation of kidneys, which mechanism involves increase construction of afferent arterioles (restricts blood flow to nephron) when b.p increases? | Myogenic mechanism
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| In autoregulation, which mechanism involves dilation of afferent arterioles(glomerules gets more blood)when b.p decreases? | Myogenic mechanism
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| In autoregulation, which mechanism acts on angiotensiogen & increases the release of aldosterone? | Renin-angiotensin mechanism
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| In Tubuloglomerular feedback, what occurs in the DCT? | macula densa cells act as chemoreceptors
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| In Tubuloglomerular feedback, what occurs in teh afferent arterioles? | Juxtaglomerular cells act as baroreceptors which detect b.p
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| In Tubuloglomerular feedback, fast filtrate increases pressure,Na+&Cl- and releases what? | Macula Densa cells release vasocontrictors
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| In tubulogomerular feedback, slow filtrate decrease pressure, Na+ & Cl- and release what? | Macula Densa cells release vaso dilators
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| In Renin-angiotensin mechanism, what is the adrenal cortex hormone? | aldosterone
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| In renin-angiotensin mechanism, what does aldosterone do? | affects the DCT, allows reclamation of Na+ from filtrate & increases blood volume which increases b.p
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