Comparative Politics of Britain, France, and Brazil
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| United Kingdom | First country to democratize and capitalize. It set the precedent and showed reasons of democratization rather than copying pre-existing phenomena. Rather slow and peaceful. Took close to 300 years.
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| Parliamentary Democracy | a system of representative government in which the dominant party in the legislature determines the Prime Minister.
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| Westminster Model | Citizens elect members to Parliament; the majority party then elects the executive branch. The Prime Minister can be removed by a vote of no confidence from Parliament.
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| Keynesiasim | When the economy is doing badly, give poor people money.
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| Monetarism | Limit how much money was printed so Inflation would not happen.
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| Constitutional Monarchy | form of government in which a monarch acts as head of state within the parameters of a written (i.e., codified), unwritten (i.e., uncodified) or blended constitution.
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| House of Lords | Upper house of Parliament. Made up of Law Lords, Hereditary peers, and Bishops
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| House of Commons | Primary legislative body in UK. 646 members including the PM. People always vote along party lines, the majority party is always the party in power.
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| PM cabinet | 18-20 senior ministers that who decide what laws will be moved into parliament and voted upon. Since the cabinet is made up of entirely the majority party in the HOC 95% of the time it will be made law.
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| Weakness of Cabinet | Inside the cabinet, a minister can oppose or be in favor for anything, outside the cabinet they must publically endorse the majority opinion. If they cannot, they must resign.
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| Facilitating Conditions of Democracy in UK | Geography, Navy, Black Plague. All of these conditions not necessary or sufficient for the emergence capitalism, industrialization and democracy in Britain. Help the process, but if these were the only conditions C I D would not exist
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| Necessary Conditions of Democracy in UK | Enclosures, Wage Labor, Surplus wool, Capital increase.
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| The Three Pillars of the Unwritten Constitution | Mace- Symbolizes Power in England
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| Life Peerages Act of 1958 | After a lifetime of service for the British people, they can be appointed to the House of Lords. When they die, they're position cannot be passed on to their children. Created more of a balance with Labor and Conservative Parties. People were still only
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| Consensus/Butskellism | uses the principles of Keynesianism and a broader distribution of wealth.
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| Consensus Collapse | British demographic changes, Oil Crisis of the 70's, Loss of Empire- No longer captive markets, no wars, Britain has a great war time economy. Ended the reign of the Labour Party.
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| Margaret Thatcher | Similar to Reagan, introduced supply side economics, cut many social programs, cut taxes, mainly of the rich because rich invest rather than spend(clothes, etc.)
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| Margaret Thatcher (Privatization) | Fly or Fail economics. Thatcher took public sector companies that were failing like BP, BAir, etc. and privatized them. Making them forced to succeed or fail. forced competition.
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| Thatcher's Privatization, Council Housing, and demographics. | By creating many new shareholders, and the council housing (The British "Projects" Thatcher privatized it and then allowed people to use the rent they've been paying for the last 20 years as mortgage payments. ), Thatcher created new Conservative voters.
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| FRANCE | Country full of transition, opposite of UK as to democratization was violent and unstable.
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| First Republic(1792-1804) | Begins with the overthrow of King Louis XVI and ends with Napoleon becoming Emperor.
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| Fifth Republic | President/Prime Minister.
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