muscularskeletal review
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| skeletal frame work does what | supports body, protects body
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| bone cell regulate the amount of calcium that is deposited | osteocyte
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| looks solid but has precise cylinders of bone matrix | compact
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| resembles a sponge with visible cavities | spongy bone
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| produces red blood cells, platelets and 5 kinds of WBC | Bone Marrow
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| arms, legs, hands,, not feet | Long Bones
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| wrists, ankle bones | Short Bones
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| ribs, shoulder blade, skull, hip bones | Flat Bones
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| vertebrae, facial bones | Irregular Bones
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| all joint surfaces are covered to provide a smooth surface | Articulat cartilage
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| the rest of the bone is covered with this fibrous connective tissue membrane | Periosteum
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| some bones contain and protect this hemopoetic tissue that produces blood cells | Red Bone Marrow
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| produces bone matrix | Osteoblasts
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| reabsorbes and dissolve the minerals of bone matrix | Osteoclast
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| in the embryo the arms and legs are made up of | cartilage
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| the 2 divisions of the skeleton | AXIAL- rib cage , skull, vertebra, APPENDICULAR-, arms,legs,shoulder girdle, pelvic girdle
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| the 3 vitamin that affect growth and maintenance of bone | A-C-D
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| it is lose without the normal stress on bones | Calcium
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| the 3 bones of the ear | Incus, Malleus, Stapes
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| it is protected and contained within the verterbral column which connectsthe trunk and the head | Spinal cord
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| Bones of the vertebra THORACIC - CERVICAL- LUMBAR- SACRAL- COCCYGEAL | THORACIC 12 - CERVICAL 7- LUMBAR 5- SACRAL 5 FUSED INTO 1- COCCYGEAL 4-5 FUSED INTO 1
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| the 1st cervical vertebra | ATLAS
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| the 2nd cervical vertebra | AXIS
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| the sternum is made up of 3 parts | Manubrium, body, xiphoid process
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| Scapula is the | shoulder bone
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| Clavicle is the | collar bone
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| articulates with the humerus to form the elbow | Ulna
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| form with the femur to form the knee | Tibia
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| forms the heal | calcaneus
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| immovable joint | Synarthrosis
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| slight movement in joint | Ampharthrosis
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| Lots of movement in joint | Diarthrosis
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| all diarthrosis joints are | Synovial Joints
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| covers the smooth bone surface at the joint | Articular Cartilage
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| made of fibrous connective tissue enclosed the joint | Joint Capsule
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| lines the joint capsule secreting synovial fluid into cavity | Synovial membrane
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| is thick, slippery and prevents friction within the cavity | Synovial Fluid
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| small dsacks of synovial fluid between joints and tendons | Bursae
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| Muscular system has 2 functions | Movement of the body, produces heat
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| muscle cells are specialized for one purpose | Contraction
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| Tendons merg with | Fascia of muscle, Periosteum of bones
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| Antagonistis Muscles | have opposite functions
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| Synergistic Muscles | have the same functions (work together)
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| Isotonic | bring about movement
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| Isometric | without movement
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| brain knows where the muscles are and what they are doing without having to look | Muscle Sense
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| LACTIC ACID builds up in muscle tissue | Muscle Fatigue
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| The 2 contraction proteins in a muscle fiber are | Myocin , Actin
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| FLEXION | ti decrease the angle of a joint
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| EXTENSION | to increase the angle of a joint
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| ADDUCTION | to move closer to the midline
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| ABDUCTION | to move further away from midline
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| PRONATION | to turn the palms down (facing the back)
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| SUPINAATION | to turn the palms up (facing towards the front)
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| DORSIFLECTION | to elevate the foot
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| PLANTAR FLEXION | to lower the foot (point the toes)
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| ROTATION | to move a bone around its longitudinal axis
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| colles fracture | from falling and catching self
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| Basiliar fracture | fracture at the base of the skull, usually motor vehicle accident
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| Potts fracture | lower tibia and fibula
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| Medial Meniscus | the larger more restrictive and more liable to be injured
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| ROM | range of motion
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| Meniscus of the knee hjoint is attached to these ligaments | Posterior curciate
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| Instrument to examine interior of a joint using a tube like instrument | Arthroscope
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| the diet change for GOUT | less protein and more fluids
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| causes LYME Disease | Borrelia Burgdorferi
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| Inflammation of the PERIOSTEUM and EXTENSOR MUSCLES | Shin Splints
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| heal spurs | PLANTAR fASCITIS
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| responsible for 90% of the osteomyelitis infections | Strephlococus
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| suture of the divided ends of a tendon | Tenorrhapy
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| common injection sites | Deltoid muscle, Gluteus Medius muscle, Vastus Lateraus muscle
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| disorder of uric acid metabolism causing deposits of uric acid nodules formation in tissue | Gout
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| disorder effecting the size and shape of bones | Osteoitis Deformins
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| Inderited condition featuring abnormal connective tissue with weakness of blood vessles & skeletal defects, long limbs, spider like fingers | Marfin Syndrome
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| loss of bone density | Osteoporosis
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| type of arthritis that results from break down and loss of cartliage to one or more joints | Osteoarthritis
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| defective mineralization of bones of adults | osteomalacia
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| defective mineralization of bones, in children impacts growth | Rickets
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| localized enlargement of the inner portion of the 1st MTP joint with an inward position of the great toe | Hallus Vagus-BUNION
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| degeneration of the cartilage of the 1st MTP joint causing stiff great toe and develoopment of bone spurs | Hallus Rwgidis
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| Imflammation, scaring thickening shrinkage of capsule surrounding nornmal shoulder joint causing linited ROM (frozen shoulder) | Adhesive Capulitis
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| acute partial tear of a ligament classified 1st, 2nd,23rd, degree | Sprain
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| stretching of tendon, muscle or other tissue beyond it functionsl capacity | Strain
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| the two divisions of the skeleton | AXIAL --- APPENDICULAR
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