chpts 10
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| agnostic | one who believes that we can't know for sure whether God exists
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| athiest | one who believes that God can't logically exist
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| atman | In hinduism, the individual soul that is part of a universal soul
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| Brahma | in Hinduism, a godlike personification of the creative principle of the universe
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| brahman | in Hinduism, the name given to the spiritual force that governs the universe; the universal soul
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| buddha | Sanskrit term for "the awakened one"; used in Hindu prophesies as a reference to a special being who comes along one in 25000 years and attains enlightenment without having to be reborn; the Buddha referse to Siddhartha Gautama-taught anyone can do this
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| Buddhism | lifestyle, meditation practice, and religion based on the teachings of the Buddha
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| caste | in India, a social class; in Hindu belief, determined by the moral quality of your previous life
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| creatio ex nihilio | Latin phrase meaning "creation out of nothing"; used in Judaism, Chritianity, and Islam to describe the universe that God made
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| dharma | in Hinduism, the moral structure underlying existence; in Buddhism, the quivalent of brahman, the universal soul; Chinese equivalent, Tao
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| dialectic | the philosophical method used by Socrates, involving question and answer
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| enlightenment | in Buddhism, the state achieved by the Buddha, total detachment, devoid of ego, in which one sees things as they really are
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| heresy | a belief held or statement made that challenged medieval Christian teachings
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| Hinduism | generic term for religion of India dating back to c. 1500 BC based on honoring numerous deities and a belief in reincarnation
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| Inquisition | high Christian court assembled beginning in the 13th century for the triat and sentencing of those convicted of heresy
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| karma | in Hinduism, a moral summoning up of one's deeds that determines where one will be in the next lifetime
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| materialism | a philosophy that says only matter is real
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| meditation | in Buddhism, the practice of sitting until one achieves a state of detachment from ego
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| moksha | in Hinduism, Sanskrit term given to the state of eternal bliss achieved after having successfully gone through many rebirths
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| monotheism | religion based on one supreme god
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| nirvana | in Buddhism, a state of bliss attainable to those who devote their lives to meditation and a transcendence of ego; adopted into English to mean a totally stress-free condition
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| polytheism | religion based on more than one god
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| pragmatism | philosophy developed in America which holds that the truth of an idea is measurable by experiment and practical outcomes
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| predestination | a belief stated by Augustine that one's entire life, including moral and immoral choices, is already determined before birth; in Calvinism, the belief that one is born either for salvation or damnation
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| Shiva | in Hinduism, a personification of the principle of change; of destroying what Brahma has created in order to make way for the new; the 2nd god in the Hindu trinity
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| Talmud | a collection of writings that interpret the Torah and provide clarification of biblical laws
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| Tao | in Taoism, the moral order that rules the universe
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| Thomism | name given to the logical system developed by Aquinas, strongly influenced by Aristotle, to prove the existence of God
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| Torah | the first 5 books of the Hebrew Bible - Gen, Ex, Lev, Num, Deut; attributed to Moses
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| Unmoved Mover | what Aristotle called the force that always existed and was responsible for setting the entire universe in motion but was not in itself set in motion by anything preceding it
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| Vishnu | in Hinduism, the principle that creates a balance b/t the need for permanence and the need for change
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| wu wei | phrase used in Taoism that translates as "to do w/o doing"' means that people who live their lives in tune with the moral order of the universe will always do the right thing
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| yang | in Taoism, the active component of existence, symbolized in art as the white crescent of a circle, which also contains a small black circle; the yang is balanced by and works w/ the yin
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| yin | in Taoism, the passive component of existence, symbolized in art as the black crescent of a circle, which also contains a small white circle; the yang is balanced by and works w/ the yang
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| Zen | austere and monastic form of Buddhism, centering on the highly disciplined practice of meditating for very long periods of time; from the Chinese ch'an, meaning "mediation"
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courtney_b90
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