Pharmocology-Autonomics1.4/chemicaltransmission&drugactionCNS
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| fast neurotransmitters? | ligand-gated ion channels (GABA and glutamate)
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| slow neuroransmitters? | G-protien coupled receptors (DA and neuropeptides)
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| which act through both g-protien and ligand gated ion channels? | Ach, 5HT, and glutamate
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| glutamate? | excitatiry, high in CNS and little elswhere, Ca dependent excytosis.
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| what are the 4 EAA receptors? | NMDA, AMPA, Kainite, Metabotropic. All are ligand gated, except metabotropic is g-protien
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| NMDA receptor requires what modulators? | glycine and glutamate to control Ca entry
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| NMDA and AMPA facilitation? | act in sites different than glutamate binding site. some agents block glycine from binding (antagonist)
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| what is ketamine? | anesthetic, blocks the channel itself so no Ca can get through.
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| GABA? | inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain. formed from glutamate, two types of receptors, GABA A and B.
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| GABA A receptor? | postsynaptic, coupled to Cl channel, opening reduces excitability.
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| what drugs react with GABA A receptors? | benzodiazepines (agonist that bind to accessory binding site), picrotoxin (convulsants block anion channel), neurosteriods (progesterone metabolites), CNS depressants (barbiturates facilitate GABA)
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| GABA B receptors? | g-protien coupled, inhibit cAMP formation. pre and post synaptic inhibition by inhibiting Ca channel opening, and inc K conducance.
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| Baclofen? | GABA B receptor agonist to treat spasticity. (antagonists are not of clinical use)
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| Glycine? | neurotransmitter in SC acting on it's own receptor, functionaly resemble GABA A receptors.
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| strychnine? | competative glycine antagonist, convulsant drug
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| Tetanus toxin? | interfere with glycine release
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