ECG & Pulmonary Fxn
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| Layers of the Heart | Pericardium, Myocardium, Endocardium
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| Components of Cardiac Cycle | SA Node, AV Node, Bundle Fibers, Purkinje Fibers
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| What is Standardization? | to verify that machine is calibrated to meet international standard, to verify that 10mm deflects 1mv of electricity
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| What are the types of Limb Leads? | Bipolar
Augmented
Precordial
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| How are the Bipolar Leads represented? | I,II, III
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| How are the Augmented Leads represented? | aVR, aVL, aVF
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| How are the Precordial Leads represented? | V1, V2, V3, V4, V5, V6
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| What are the positions of each precordial lead? | V1- 4TH ICS RSB, V2- 4TH ICS LSB, V3- midway between V2 and V4, V4- 5TH ICS MCL, V5- 5TH ICS AAL, V6- 5TH ICS MAL
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| What are the different types of Artifacts? | Somatic Tremor, Wandering Baseline, A/C - alternating current, Erratic Stylus, Interrupted Baseline
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| What does the P wave represent? | Atrial Depolarization, Contraction, Diastolic phase, powered by SA Node
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| What does QRS complex represent? | Ventricular Depolarization, Contraction, Systolic phase, powered by Purkinje Fibers
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| What does T wave represent? | Ventricular Repolarization
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| What is Sinus Rhythm? | Each heartbeat has 3 distinct waves, powered by SA Node, each cardiac cyle is similar to previous cylce
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| What is Holter Monitor? | a test that records cardiac activity while the patient is ambulatory for 24 hrs, patient must press event button when feels distressed.
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| What is a Pulmonary Volume Test? | a test of the amount of air the lungs move normally, the amount of available lung space after a normal inhale and exhale.
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| What is Tidal Volume? | the amount of air inhaled and exhaled during normal breathing
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| What is Expiratory Reserve Volume? | the amount of air forcibly exhaled after a normal exhale
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| What is Inspiratory Reserve Volume? | the amount of air forcibly inhaled after a normal inhale
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| What is Residual Volume? | the amount of air left in lungs after an exhale
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| What is the normal amount of VT? | 500 mL
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| What is the amount of IRV in males? | 3300 mL
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| What is the amount of IRV in females? | 1900 mL
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| What is the amount of ERV in males? | 1000 mL
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| What is the amount of ERV in females? | 700 mL
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| What is the normal amount of RV? | 1200 mL
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| What is a baseline? | where no energy is recorded, no movement from stylus, also known as isoelectric line
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| What is a defibrillator? | machine that gives a counter shock to convert cardiac arrythmia to regular sinus rhythm
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| Four (4) pulmonary capacity tests? | total lung capacity, vital capacity, inspiratory capacity, functional residual capacity
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| What is Total Lung Capacity? | volume of lungs at peak inspiration, the sum of all four pulmonary volume tests
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| What is Vital Capacity? | amount of air exhaled after forced inhale includes maximum exhale
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| What is Inspiratory Capacity? | amount of air inhaled after normal exhale
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| What is Functional Residual Capacity? | amount of air remaining in lungs after normal exhale
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| What are two (2) types of Cardiology Specialty Tests? | Stress Test/Treadmill, Holter Monitor
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| What is a Stress Test/Treadmill Test? | evaluate heart's response during moderate exercise after an ECG.
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