blood gases;buffers
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| pH | index of acidity or alkalinity of the blood | ||||
| blood gases | body's mechanism to maintain acid-base balance | ||||
| acidosis | metabolic state that leads to acidema | ||||
| alkalosis | metabolic state that leads to alkaemia | ||||
| normal pH | 7.35-7.45 | ||||
| acid | substance that can yield a hydrogen ion or hydronium ion when dissolved in water | ||||
| base | substance that will yield a hydroxyl(OH-) ion when dissolved in water | ||||
| K value | relative strenth of acids and bases and their ability to dissociate in water | ||||
| buffer | combination of a weak acid or base and its salt so that it resists changes in pH. | ||||
| pCO2 | measurement of tension or pressue of carbon dioxide dissolve in blood | ||||
| pCO2 reference range | 35-45mmHg | ||||
| pO2 | meansurement of tension or pressure of oxygen dissolved in blood | ||||
| pO2 reference range | 80-110mmol/L | ||||
| decreased pO2 is seen in... | decreased pulmanary ventilation | ||||
| acid-base balance | maintenance of H+; increased H+, decreased pH; decreased H+, increased pH | ||||
| bicarbonate-carbonic acid | buffer in highest concentration in plasma | ||||
| Henderson-Hasselbalck equation | relates pH, HCO3, pCO2 | ||||
| hemoglobin buffer | transports acid from tissues to lungs | ||||
| phosphate buffer | intracellular buffer | ||||
| albumin/other proteins | buffers system that binds H+ because of net negative charge | ||||
| respiratory acid-base disorder | caused by ventilatory dysfunction | ||||
| metabolic acid-base disorder | caused by renal dysfunction | ||||
| compensation | body's attempt to restore acid-base balance | ||||
| fully compensated | body pH has returned to normal range | ||||
| partially compensated | body pH is approaching normal range | ||||
| metabolic acidosis | decrease pH and decreased HCO3- | ||||
| metabolic alkalosis | increase pH and increased HCO3- | ||||
| respiratory acidosis | decrease pH and increased CO2 | ||||
| respiratory alkalosis | increase pH and decreased CO2 | ||||
| anion gap | eastimate of unmeasured anions and cations |
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Created by:
cjbarnes78
on 2010-11-08