A review of vocabulary for World History 1500AD to Present
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| belief in one god; Judaism is the first | monotheism
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| belief in many gods; Hinduism | polytheism
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| past deeds will determine the future; Hinduism | karma
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| holy book of Judaism | Torah
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| holy book of Islam | Quran/Koran
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| holy book of Christianity | The Bible (Old--from Judaism--and New Testament)
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| holy book of Hinduism | Vedas
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| God's son Jesus is call the _________. | messiah
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| Given to Moses on the mountain; rules to follow | 10 Commandments
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| holy war predicted by Muslims | jihad
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| Christians belief of the father, son, and holy spirit | trinity
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| Muslim belief: fasting, prayer, pilgrimage, alms to poor, and faith in Allah | Five Pillars
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| Holy month for Muslims; no eating from sun up to sun down | Ramadan
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| Hindu belief in many lives; can also apply to Buddhism | reincarnation
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| class system for Hinduism; from untouchable to Brahmins | caste system
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| Buddhist beliefs: suffering exists; material desires cause suffering; get rid of desires and no more suffering; reach nirvana | Four Noble Truths
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| Buddhist belief--8 steps towards ending suffering | Eightfold Path
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| Buddha; when you understand the meaning of life you have become ___________. | Enlightened
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| ultimate goal for Buddhists is to reach __________. | Nirvana
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| Religious war among German princes; Protestants vs. Catholics; ended with the Peace of Augsburg | Thirty Years War
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| only Christian church during the Middle Ages in western Europe | Catholic Church
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| speaking out against the Catholic Church; Galileo was accused of this and brought before the Inquisition | heresy
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| Italian word for rebirth of Greek and Roman culture | Renaissance
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| belief led by Erasmus; focus on individual and study of the classical Greek and Roman culture | humanism
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| invention which allowed the spread of the Renaissance and Reformation; developed by Gutenberg | printing press
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| Catholics could buy these pardon from sins; Martin Luther hated these | indulgences
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| merchants did not like the Catholic belief that you should not charge interest when lending money, also known as __________. | usury
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| Luther nailed these on a church door; protests against the Catholic Church | 95 Theses
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| Calvin's belief that God has already chosen who would be let into heaven | predestination
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| Church of England created by Henry VIII | Anglican
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| Catholic church group that punished those who spoke out against the Church; condemned Galileo | the Inquisition
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| Catholic attempt to stop people from leaving the church | Counter-Reformation
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| group set up during the Catholic Counter-Reformation; tried to convert people to Catholism | Jesuits
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| three reasons for exploration | God, Glory, and Gold
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| to travel around the globe; first done by Magellan, then Drake | circumnavigate
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| major trade product from Asia | spices
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| Spanish conqueror like Cortez and Pizarro | conquistador
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| European settlement; American was this to England | colony
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| global trade between eastern and western hemispheres | Columbian Exchange
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| slaves worked on these in the new world | plantations
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| term for gold and silver during the Age of Exploration | bullion
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| 3 legs of trade between Africa, New World, and Europe | Triangular trade
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| leg of triangular trade when slaves were brought from Africa to the New World | Middle Passage
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| major crop of the Caribbean | sugar cane
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| many Native Americans died because Europeans brought this to the New World | Diseases
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| Spanish laws which forced Native Americans into a kind of slavery | encomiendas
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| belief that the power of rule came by God; Louis, Peter, Frederick, and the Stuarts believed in this | divine right
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| type of monarch who has complete power | absolute
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| French Protestants | Huguenots
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| Peter the Great modernized his country when he made his people adapt to the customs and culture of of countries in the west of Europe | westernization
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| French law which allowed for freedom of religion; meant mainly for the Huguenots; later taken away, or repeled, by Louis XIV | Edict of Nantes
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| Frederick is known for building of the Prussian army; this is called __________. | militarism
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| L'etat cest moi | I am the state
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| Earth is the center of the universe | geocentric theory
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| sun is the center of the universe; Copernicus | heliocentric theory
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| steps used for experiments; developed by Francis Bacon | scientific method
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| natural rights of John Locke | life, liberty, and property
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| French term for philosopher | philosophe
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| Age when reason replaced religion; marked an end to superstition | Enlightenment
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| strong pride in your country or culture; spread by Napoleon; major reason for unification of Italy and Germany | nationalism
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| signed by William and Mary; increased the power of the people and Parliament; lowered the power of the monarchs; signed during Glorious Revolution | Bill of Rights
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| Monarchs power declined in England; while this governmental body increased in power; very similar to Congress in the US | Parliament
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| English Civil War; group led by Cromwell; cut their hair short in protests to the nobility's custom of wearing long hair | Roundheads
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| English Civil War; supporters of King Charles I | Cavaliers
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| This event kicked James II off the throne of England and placed his daughter as ruler along with her husband; no bloodshed | Glorious Revolution
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| Document written by Jefferson; marked the beginning of the American colonies split from their mother country, England; Jefferson used Locke's ideas in this document | Declaration of Independence
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| first violent event of the French Revolution occured at this prison; celebrated like our July 4th | Storming of the Bastille
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| when thousands of men were guillotined; led by Robespierre and the Jacobins; Louis XVI loses his head | Reign of Terror
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| laws of Napoleon | Napoleonic Code
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| Class that made up most of French society before the revolution | Third Estate
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| when the lower class of French society refused to leave until their demands were met; named after the sports complex where they met | Tennis Court Oath
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| meeting of European countries after Napoleon's fall; conservative; wanted to return Europe to the way it was before the French Revolution; successful diplomatic effort that kept peace in Europe for the next 40 years | Congress of Vienna
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| people who think change is good; wanted more freedoms and rights | liberals
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| people who are old fashioned or traditional; wanted a return to absolute monarchies; Congress of Vienna | conservatives
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| uprising all throught Europe in reaction to the Congress of Vienna and against conservatism--unsuccessful | Revolutions of 1848
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| belief of Bismarck to do whatever it takes to get the job done | realpolitik
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| Machiavelli is a _________, meaning he saw the world for what it really was | realist
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| War where the Prussians defeated the French; help in unifying Germany | Franco-Prussian War
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| Garibaldi's army that united the south of Italy | Red Shirts
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| Japenese leader or ruler | Shogun
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| economic system; export more than import; colonies exist to provide raw materials for a mother country which would then be turned into a finished product | mercantilism
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| Japan practiced a policy of _______________________ , meaning it tried to have no contact with Europeans | isolationism
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| China set up _________ ____________ or cities set aside for trade with Europeans | foreign enclaves
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| person who is talented in many fields; like Da Vinci | Renaissance man
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| goods traded outside the producing country | exports
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| materials found in nature (ex: cotton) | raw
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| movement where land was fenced off from public use; resulted in farmers moving to the city for work | Enclosure Movement
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| Time when cities grew; machine power replaced man power; improved technology | Industrial Revolution
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| person who owns their own business | entrepreneur
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| these were formed in order to give people better working conditions | Labor Unions
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| the right to vote | suffrage
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| governmental system where the belief is that if you work hard you will be rewarded; developed by Adam Smith; US | capitalism
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| belief by Adam Smith that government should leave businesses alone | laissez-faire
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| developed by Karl Marx; belief that everybody should be equal; government controls all factors of production | commuism/socialism
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| term by Karl Marx that meant workers; he wanted them to rise up and rebel | proletariat
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| European period when countries tried to conquer and control places all over the world; creation of empires | imperialism
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| rebellion where Indian soldiers rebeled against the British rule of their country | Sepoy Rebellion
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| business which controlled India | East India Company
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| settlement ruled directly by a European country | mother country
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| when European coutries took control of trading rights in other countries; China is a prime example | sphere of influence
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| when a country is strongly influenced by a foreign, European country | protectorate
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| Chinese rebellion against Christianity and foreigners | Boxer Rebellion
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| non-violent protest; practiced by Mandela and Gandhi | passive resistance/civil disobedience
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| countries form these for protection in case they are attacked | alliances
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| World War I; consisted of Britain, France, and Russia | Triple Entente
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| World War I; alliance among Germany, Austria-Hungary and the Ottoman Empire | Triple Alliance
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| Name the ship which contributed to the US entering World War I | Lusitania
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| Message which caused the US to enter into World War I against Germany | Zimmerman Note
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| Wilson's plan for peace | 14 Points
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| Wilson's international peacekeeping body; US refused to become a member; ended in failure | League of Nations
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| Period of tremendous economic failure; allowed Hitler to gain power in Germany; affected the entire world | Great Depression
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| Event which started the Great Depression | Stock Market Crash of 1929
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| belief in militarism and extreme nationalism | fascism
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| when the government has complete control over the people; popular in Europe during the 1930s | totalitarianism
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| Party of Hitler | Nazism
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| Party of Mussolini | Fascism
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| Lenin's plan to industrialize the Soviet Union | New Economic Policy
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| Stalin's plan to modernize the Soviet Union | collectivization
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| to try and avoid conflict; Britain and France did this to Hitler when he invaded Czechoslovakia and Austria | appeasement
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| Hitler's lightening war | blitzkrieg
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| international peacekeeping organization created after World War II | United Nations
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| nickname for the strongest countries in the world during the Cold War; US and USSR | superpowers
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| weapon developed during World War II and dropped on Japan | Atomic Bomb
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| type of warfare used during World War I | trench
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| World War II alliance of Germany, Italy, and Japan | Axis
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| World War II alliance of Britain, France, US, and Soviet Union | Allied Powers
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| hatred of Jews | anti-semetism
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| systemic killing of a whole group of people because of religious or ethnic differences | genocides
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| largest genocide in Cambodia is known as this | the Killing Fields
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| largest genocide in history; occurred during World War II against the Jews | Holocaust
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| conflict between the US and USSR after World War II; no fighting | cold war
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| belief that if one country fell to communism, all surrounding countries would soon become communist as well | domino theory
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| statement which said the US would stop the spread of communism | Truman Doctrine
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| Churchill's metaphor for the barrier of communist Europe and democratic Europe | Iron Curtain
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| Cold War action to stop communism; divided the country into two along the 38th parallel | Korean War
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| plan to rebuild Europe after World War II | Marshall Plan
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| defensive alliance consisting of the US and western Europe during the Cold War | NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Org.)
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| defensive alliance consisting of USSR and eastern satellites during the Cold War | Warsaw Pact
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| Soviets built this in order to keep Germans from fleeing into democratic West Germany | Berlin Wall
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| when the USSR placed missiles 90 miles off the coast of Florida; Kennedy was President during this event which almost started World War III | Cuban Missile Crisis
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| policy that believed the more nuclear weapons one country builds, the less chance of war because other countries would be afraid | deterrence or mutual destruction
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| competition between the US and USSR to build the most nuclear weapons | arms race
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| Chinese group which believed in democracy; led by Chiang Kai Shek | Nationalists
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| conflict during the Cold War; the US eventually pulled out and the entire country became communist | Vietnam War
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| segregation in South Africa | apartheid
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| free trade agreement between Mexico, Canada and the US | NAFTA (North Atlantic Free Trade Agreement)
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| Oil production group | OPEC
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| organization for free world trade | WTO (World Trade Org.)
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| economic organization in Europe to try to compete with the US | EU (European Union)
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| organization which gives loans to poor countries | IMF (International Monetary Fund)
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| Chinese trade route | Silk Road
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| Capital was Istanbul | Ottoman Empire
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| Traded gold, salt in Africa | Songhai
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| Built "Taj Mahjal" | Mughal Empire
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| Indian empire of Mexico | Aztec
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| Indian empire of Peru | Inca
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| Pyramids, Astronomy | Maya
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| Means "Rebirth" | Renaissance
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| Renaissance began here | Italy
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| Sistine Chapel, "David" | Michelangelo
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| Plays,sonnets | Shakespeare
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| Christian humanist | Erasmus
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| World's largest religion | Christianity
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| Main religion of India | Hinduism
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| Main religion of SE Asia | Buddhism
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| Main religion of North Africa | Islam
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| North African trade route | Sahara
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| Importance of trade routes | exchange of ideas
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| Paper, compass, silk, porcelain | China
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| Textiles, number system from | Middle East
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| upset Martin Luther | sale of indulgences
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| Luther belief | "faith alone"
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| Luther protest | Ninety-Five Theses
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| John Calvin belief | predestination
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| Henry VIII issue | divorce
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| Site of Reformation | Germany
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| War between Catholics and Protestants | Thirty Years' War
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| National Church of England | Anglican
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| spread Catholic doctrine | Jesuits
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| Trials to reinforce Catholic beliefs | Inquisition
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| Gutenberg invention | printing press
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| helped spread ideas of the Renaissance | printing press
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| started school of navigation | Prince Henry the Navigator
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| Sailed around Africa to India | Vasco da Gama
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| discovered America | Columbus
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| conquered Aztecs | Hernan Cortez
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| conquered Inca | Pizarro
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| explored Canada for France | Jacques Cartier
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| 2 religious groups that came to America | Protestants, Catholics
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| another name for Native Americans | indigenous peoples
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| corn, potatoes, tobacco originated here | the Americas
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| horses, cattle, diseases came from here | Europe
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| improved navigation | Islamic sailors
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| 3 areas the Triangular Trade system linked | Europe, Africa, the Americas
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| main items traded as part of Triangular Trade | slaves,sugar,rum
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| exported to Europe from America | gold, silver
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| European nation that influenced Mexico and South America | Spain
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| Traded coffee and ceramics | Ottoman Empire
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| location of Mughal Empire | Northern India
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| Famous Mughal tomb | Taj Mahal
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| Product of India that Europeans wanted | textiles
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| Nation that created foreign enclaves to control foreign trade | China
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| powerless emperor, rule by shoguns | Japan
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| adopted policy of isolation to limit foreign influences | Japan
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| new economic practices like banking and money systems | Commercial Revolution
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| early English political parties | Whigs and Tories
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| Type of English government after 1689 | Constitutional Monarchy
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| "Leviathan"; ruler must have authority | Thomas Hobbes
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| the best government should be separated into 3 branches | Montesquieu
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| U.S. documents that contain Enlightenment ideas | Declaration, Constitution, Bill of Rights
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| Revolution which most influenced the French Revolution | American Revolution
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| Paris prison stormed on July 14, 1789 | Bastille
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| Thousands guillotined during this period of the French Revolution | Reign of Terror
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| Came to power in France at the end of the Revolution | Napoleon
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| Goal of Congress of Vienna | balance of power
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| members of the Congress of Vienna were this | Conservatives
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| Failed liberal revolutions in Europe in this year | 1848
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| German composer | Johann Sebastian Bach
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| Austrian composer | Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
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| Last to join in Italian unification | Papal States
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| war which led to the creation of Germany | Franco-Prusssian War
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| unified Germany by war and nationalism | Bismarck
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| natural resources needed for industry | coal, iron ore
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| British farmland fenced off | Enclosure Movement
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| Movement of people to the cities | Urbanization
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| group that grew the most during the industrial revolution | middle class
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| hired to work in 19th c. factories | women, children
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| increased the demand for slave labor on American plantations | cotton gin
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| formed to improve working conditions | labor unions
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| type of imperialism with direct control | colony
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| type of imperialism with partial control | protectorate
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| type of imperialism with trade rights | sphere of influence
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| important canal in Egypt | Suez
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| forced Germany to accept guilt for WWI | Treaty of Versailles
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| Revolution here in 1917 | Russia
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| Lenin's successor | Joseph Stalin
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| group that led Russian Revolution | Bolsheviks
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| created after WWI to administer colonies on a temporary basis | mandate system
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| European nations who were mandate powers in the Middle East | France, Great Britain
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| One cause of the Great Depression was German payments or________ | reparations
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| High protective_________ helped cause the Great Depression | tariffs
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| Millions in the Soviet Union died as a result of this Stalin policy | Great Purge
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| hatred of Jews | Anti-Semitism
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| Mussolini invaded this nation in 1935 | Ethiopia
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| Area of China invaded by Japanese | Manchuria
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| Name for 1944 Allied invasion of Europe | D-Day
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| 2 Japanese cities hit with atomic bombs | Hiroshima, Nagasaki
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| Event which brought USA into WWII | Japanese attack at Pearl Harbor
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| 2 countries Hitler failed to conquer | Great Britain, Soviet Union
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| U.S. President during most of WWII | Franklin D. Roosevelt
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| Nazi decision to exterminate European Jews | Final Solution/Holocaust
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| Genocide by Ottomans during WWI | Armenian
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| Genocide of Tutsi minority by Hutu here | Rwanda
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| Genocide of Muslims and Croats by Bosnian Serbs here | Yugoslavia
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| Nazi war crimes trials | Nuremberg
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| Western European military alliance formed in 1949 | NATO
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| Part of Germany that became Communist after WWII | East
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| Nation that became the dominant economy in Asia after WWII | Japan
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| WWII conferance that divided Germany | Yalta
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| U.S. President that created "containment" policy | Truman
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| Name given to Soviet -controlled nations | satellites
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| Part of Korea that started Korean War | North Korea
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| Built in 1961; 7 miles long | Berlin Wall
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| Missiles placed here in 1962 by USSR | Cuba
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| separation of races in South Africa | apartheid
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| yellow peril | percieved threat of Japanese imperialism
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