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| The first barbarian king of Rome, he came to power in 476 after deposing Romulus Augustus. | Odovacer
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| Roman emperor under whose reign the Empire expanded to its greatest geographical extent. A column in Rome celebrated his victory over the Dacians. | Trajan
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| He went looking for his bride, Eurydice, in the Underworld. He lost her again when he looked back. | Orpheus
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| The hero of Calydon who finally killed the Boar. Then he killed his uncles. | Meleager
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| Successful general from Cathage; he won every battle he fought, including the massive defeat of the Roman army at Cannae; but he and his army lost the Second Punic War | Hannibal
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| Roman general and sometime consul who rid the Mediterranean Sea of pirates and extended Rome's territory to the Euphrates River. He was married to Caesar's daughter Julia. | Pompey
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| The architect of the Labyrinth at Knossos. | Daedalus
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| Hellenistic philosophy founded by Zeno; taught that nature is ordered by divine reason, human beings should accept their place in the divine order, and the secret to the good life is self-mastery (controlling what is actually in your ability to control). | Stoicism
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| Last of the "5 Good Emperors," he was also a Stoic philosopher, known for his Meditations. | Marcus Aurelius
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| Senator who formed the First Triumvirate with Caesar and Pompey in order to further the political ambitions of all three. | Crassus
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| Warriors who surrounded and supported the barbarian kings in their conquests against Rome. | comitatus
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| King of Athens who killed the Minotaur. | Erectheus
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| Greek term meaning "overseer," or "bishops," these were the primary leaders of Christian churches in the second century and afterward. | episkopoi
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| His History of Rome sought to promote morality by offering models from Roman history of good and bad behavior. His purpose was to promote the greatness of Rome and the reign of Augustus. | Livy
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| For the hospitality to visiting gods, they got to dwell in a temple forever -- as trees. | Philemon and Baucis
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| Roman emperor who launched the "Great Persecution" in 303 C.E. He also tried to reorganize the administration of the empire to make it more manageable, with two augustoi and two caesars dividing rule of the empire. | Diocletian
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| Five islands that used to be nymphs -- they offended Acheloüs by not inviting him to their banquet. | Echinades
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| The "West Goths," their king Alaric sacked Rome in 410 C.E. | Visigoths
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| Christian author who produced a revised translation of the Bible into Latin, based on Greek and Hebrew manuscripts. His Vulgate became the official translation of the Bible in the medieval church. | Jerome
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| Son of Vespasian, he completed the suppression of the Jewish Revolt and destroyed the Jerusalem temple in 70 C.E. A triumphal arch was erected to celebrate his victories. | Titus
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| Roman poet who composed "On the Nature of the World" during the later Republic, he expressed philosophical ideas similar to Democritus and Epicurus. | Lucretius
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| Irreligious man who hacked down an ancient aok in Ceres' sacred forest. For it he was cursed with hunger -- eating himself out of house and home. And eating himself. | Erysichthon
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| Site in western Greece of the final victory in 31 B.C. of the navy of Octavian over the navy of Mark Antony and Cleopatra. | Actium
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| Roman general and sometime consul who rid the Mediterranean Sea of pirates and extended Rome's territory to the Euphrates River. He was married to Caesar's daughter Julia. | Pompey
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| This king of Calydon offered sacrifices to all the deities except Diana. So she sent a boar to curse Calydon and ravaged its crops. | Oeneus
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| First Roman emperor who was not from the old Roman nobility, he was elevated by the army after the confusion and conflict that followed the death of Nero. He had led the original attack against Jerusalem as a result of the Jewish Revolt of 66 C.E. | Vespasian
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| The traditional aristocratic families of Rome, the upper class who held most of the power in the Royal period well into the Republic. | patricians
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| Incompetent Roman emperor who blamed the fires in Rome in 64 C.E. on the Christians. A rebellion by the army in Gaul in 68 led to his death. | Nero
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| His History of Rome sought to promote morality by offering models from Roman history of good and bad behavior. His purpose was to promote the greatness of Rome and the reign of Augustus. | Livy
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| Inhabitants of Etruria beginning about 800 B.C.E., they influenced Roman ideals of government, family, and temple-building. | Etruscans
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| The Punic Wars were fought between what two nations? | Carthage & Rome
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| Daughter of King Priam of Troy, she prophesied the doom for Troy that lay behind the Trojan horse, but her prophesy was not believed. | Cassandra
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| Father of Aeneas | Anchises
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| Constantine called Christian bishops to meet in council here in 325 C.E. to deal with the problem of Arianism. | Nicea
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| Lobbied for a 5-year command in Gaul, when he was asked to relinquish his command he and his army crossed the Rubicon River and seized Rome. He named himself emperor for life in 46 B.C.E. That lasted 2 years. | Julius Ceasar
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| He failed to follow his father when flying and flew too close to the sun. The wax holding the feathers together melted and he fell to his death. | Icarus
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| The worst defeat ever by a Roman army, Hannibal and Carthage killed nearly 80,000 Roman troops here in 216 B.C.E. | Cannae
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| The "West Goths," their king Alaric sacked Rome in 410 C.E. | Visigoths
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| Poet and composer of the Metamorphoses, Fasti, and Ars Amatoria, his writings exposed the loose sexual ethics of Rome's aristocracy. Augustus exiled him in 8 C.E. | Ovid
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| The architect of the Labyrinth at Knossos. | Daedalus
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| Mother of Meleager. She had to choose between motherly devotion and family honor after Meleager killed her two brothers. By stoking the fire just right her son died. | Althaea
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| Son of Aeneas, also called Iulus. | Ascanius
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| Father of Scylla | Nisus
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| The right given to Roman kings (and later, consuls) to issue commands and to enforce them by fines, arrests, and corporal, and even capital punishment. | imperium
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| Leaders during the late Roman Republic who enjoyed popular support from the people of Rome; their opponents, the optimates, wanted to keep power in the hands of the Senate. | populares
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| AUthor of important early monastic Rule; this founder of monasteries laid out rules for work, worship, and how much food the monks and nuns could eat. He was considered moderate in what he prescribed. | Benedict of Nursia
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| "first citizen"; the title Augustus preferred for himself in order to mask his ambitions to single rule over Rome. | princeps
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| The key issue that the Gracchi brothers (Tiberius and Gaius) tried to solve in the second century B.C.E. was: | latifundia (concentration of land into the hands of a few large landowners at the expense of poor citizens)
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| Means "universal"; this was the term used for the universal body of Christian believers in the first centuries of the church. Later the term is used for a specific body of Christian believers | catholic
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| He went looking for his bride, Eurydice, in the Underworld. He lost her again when he looked back. | Orpheus
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| Term given to the eastern Roman Empire after the fall of the west ot the Goths. | Byzantine Empire
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| Roman poet noted for his humorous Satires and his Odes. Two of his Odes directly praise Augustus, and others indirectly praise his reign and the royal family. | Horace
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| Roman author of Latin comedies, his plays focused on elaborate puns, slapstick, and bawdy humor. | Plautus
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| The chief executive officers of the Roman Republic, two of them were elected yearly to lead the army, preside over the senate and assemblies, and to wield the power of imperium. | consuls
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| She used her bow to shoot the Boar behind the ear. After his victory Meleager offered her half of the spoils he earned. | Atlanta
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| Roman emperor who launched a persecution against Christians about 250 C.E., he required that all citizens sacrifice to the Roman gods. | Decius
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| The first Roman general to use his troops against fellow citizens, he marched his troops on Rome to oust the followers of Marius, who had taken away his command in Asia. He became dictator of Rome in 83 B.C. in order to "reform" the constitution. | Sulla
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| A list or set of books considered to be the authoritative scripture of a religious community | canon
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| Leaders during the late Roman Republic who enjoyed popular support from the people of Rome; their opponents, the optimates, wanted to keep power in the hands of the Senate. | patrons
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| The justification given by and for bishops of Rome, supporting the claim of the bishops of Rome to have primacy over the Christian churches. It was based on Jesus' words in Matthew 16. | Petrine Doctrine
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| Persian religion that emerged in the third century C.E., this popular rival of Christianity promoted asceticism based on a dualistic philosophy about the separation of light and darkness, good and evil, and the body and the spirit | Manichaeism
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| Daughter of the king of Megara, she betrayed her father and hometown because she loved King Minos. | Scylla
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| Hellenistic philosophy founded by Zeno; taught that nature is ordered by divine reason, that human beings should accept their place in the divine order, and the secret to the good life is self-mastery. | Stoicism
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| The three members of the second triumvirate were: | Mark Antony, Octavian, & Lepidus
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| Ruler of the Ostrogoths who in 493 replaced the first barbarian ruler of the western part of the Roman Empire. | Theodoric
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| The first barbarian king of Rome, he came to power in 476 after deposing Romulus Augustus. | Odovacer
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| King of Athens who killed the Minotaur | Theseus
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| The wife of Minos, she had a thing for bulls and gave birth to the Minotaur. | Pasiphae
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| Roman slave who led a rebellion of slave-gladiators in 73 B.C.E., an army of slaves that grew to 70,000. Their rebellion was put down by Roman legions in 71 B.C.E. led by Crassus. | Spartacus
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| Roman emperor who launched the "Great Persecution" in 303 C.E. He also tried to reorganize the administration of the empire to make it more manageable, with two augustoi and two caesars dividing rule of the empire. | Diocletian
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| Roman stateman who promoted traditional Roman values, he was the leader of the Senate who pushed for Roman to attack and destroy Carthage, leading to the Third Punic War. | Cato the Elder
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| This 2nd Century B.C. reformer violated the Republican Constitution when he had his fellow Tribune from office to advance his land reforms. He was repaid by becoming the first significant victim of political murder during the Republic. | Tiberius Gracchus
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| Sneaky Greek who pretended to be defecting to the Trojan, but whose badmouthing of Ulysses got him inside Troy, where he was able to free the hidden Greeks in the Trojan horse, leading to Troy's downfall. | Sinone
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