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based on the Modern World History book

Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in each of the black spaces below before clicking on it to display the answer.
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Term
Description
detente   1970's- easing of tensions between the US and the Soviet Union (the two superpowers)  
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Helsinki Agreements   1975- signed by US, Canada, and all Europen nations, border agreement  
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Jimmy Carter   U.S. president (1977-1981). cancelled Olympic Games in 1980, put embargo on exports to the Soviet Union  
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Ronald Reagan   U.S. president- elected in 1980, began new arms race, helped Afghani's fight against Sov. Union  
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Strategic Defense Initiative   nicknamed SDI, "Star Wars", part of arms race- tried to create a shield against missiles  
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Mikhail Gorbachev   came to power in Sov. Union in 1985, helped end Cold War, created INF Treaty w/ the United States (1987)  
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reunification of Germany   October 3, 1990  
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Leonid Brezhnev   Soviet Union leader, emphasized heavy industry, allowed some westernization, created a bureaucracy through gov.'s central planning  
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dissidents   people who spoke out against the Soviet government, punished harshly  
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KGB   secret police in the Soviet Union during the 1970's  
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perestroika   reforms based on "restructuring," created market economy with limited free enterprise, allowed small companies  
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Watergate Scandal   1970's- political scandal, led to Nixon's impeachment, Republican party (including Nixon) involved in finding out about Democrats  
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glasnot   Gorbachev's policy- "openness"- idea of free speech in the newspapers (ex. Pravda newspaper)  
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two-candidate elections   introduced June 1987, still not completely fair because candidates were from the same party  
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Ukraine independence   December 1, 1991  
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Boris Yeltsin   Soviet leader, elected in June 1991, tried to introduce free-market economy, used forse against the Chechens  
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Brezhnev doctrine   allowed Soviet Union Communists to protect Communists in other states if they were threatened  
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Francois Mitterand   French Socialist leader, makes reforms ex. upping workers' wages, nationalizes, industrializes, very liberal  
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Chirac   French conservative leader, elected in 1995  
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Willy Brandt   policy of "opening to the east" - Ostpolitik, brought down by spies in the government  
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Helmut Schmidt   German leader, successor to Willy Brandt  
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Helmut Kohl   German leader elected in the 1980's  
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Gerhard Schroeder   head of the coalition between Socialists + Greens  
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Gasterbeiters   German name for "guest workers"- immigrants  
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the "Troubles"   1972- Great Britain vs. Ireland- fight for territory in Northern Ireland  
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IRA   Irish terrorist group that started campaign to get British out of Ireland  
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Margaret Thatcher   first woman to be a British prime minister, called the "Iron Lady", policy of Thatcherism--took away some benefits of the welfare state, friendly with Reagan  
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Lech Walesa   Polish worker who organized a national trade union known as Solidarity, became Polish president in 1990  
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Pope John Paul II   first Polish pope  
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Gustav Husak   Czech Communists leader, repressed people, under him there were mass demonstrations  
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December 1989   Communist government collapsed in Czechoslovakia  
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Nicolae Ceausescu (and wife Elena)   set up dictorial regime in Romania (in 1965)- economic policies made standard of living drop, created food shortages, rapid urbanization plans  
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Securitate   Romanian secret police under Ceausescu  
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Bucharest   Romanian city where mass demonstrations occurred  
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Ion Iliescu   took over in Romania in 1989 after Ceausescu and his wife were captured  
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Erich Honecker   became head of Communist party in Germany in 1971  
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November 9th, 1989   Berlin Wall opened  
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March 18, 1990   East Germany's first free elections--Christian Democrats win the vote  
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October 3, 1990   East Germany's political union with West Germany (which the Christian Democrats supported)  
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Marshall Joseph (Broz) Tito   Yugoslavian dictatorial leader, tried to keep different republics and provinces of Yugoslavia together  
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collective state presidency   the Yugoslavian gov. after Tito's death, was under the Communist Party  
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June 1991   Slovenia and Croatia declare their independence after negotions between the dif. countries failed  
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Created by: starz1621
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