Ch4-6 Medical Terminology
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| Acute | descriptive of a disease with a short, relatively severe course.
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| Chronic | descriptive of a disease that exists over a long period of time. showing little change or slow progression.
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| Diagnosis | Identification of a disease or condition by scientific evaluation.
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| Prognosis | Predicted (probable) outcome of a disease.
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| Sign | definitive evidence of a disease. Blood pressure reading, rash.
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| Symptom | subjective evidence perceived by a patient such as itching.
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| Pulse | The rhythmic expansion of an artery that occurs as the heart beats.
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| Respiration rate | Counting the #'s of breaths per minute.
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| Tympanic thermometer | an electronic instrumnet that measures body temperature by placing the probe at the opening of the eternal ear.
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| Systolic pressure | Blood pressure is represented as a fraction. Represents the higher #.
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| Palpation | Application of the fingers with pressure to the surface of the body during a physical examination.
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| Percussion | tapping the body with the fingertips or fist during a physical examination
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| Ausculation | Listening for sounds within the body using a stethoscope.
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| Electrocardiograph | Instrument used to measure the electrical impulses of the heart.
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| Electrocardiography | Recording the electrical impulses of the heart.
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| Electrocardiogram | The record produced in electrocardiography.
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| cephalometry | Measurement of the dimensions of the head.
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| Opthalmoscope | Instrument used to examine the eye.
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| Opthalmoscopy | examination of the eye with an opthamoscope.
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| Microscope | instrument used for viewing microscopic objects.
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| otoscopy | Visual examination of the ear.
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| endoscopy | visual inspection of the body using an endoscope.
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| catheterization | The process of inserting a catheter into the body.
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| catheterize | the introduction of a catheter into the body, to introduce a catheter into the body.
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| cannula | a hollow flexible tube; catheter
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| sonography | imaging of internal structures by measuring and recording sound waves.
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| nuclear medicine | placing radioactive materials into the body organs and using computerized scanners.
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| computer tomography | producing detailed images of cross sections of tissue as though cuts had been made. Similar to what one would see if organ were actually cut into sections.
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| contrast imaging | using radiopaque materials to make internal organs or vessels visible.
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| magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) | visualizing internal structures based ont he magnetic properties of chemical elements.
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| symptom | patient says he has a sore throat.
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| sign | patient has a fever
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| sign | patient's blood pressure is elevated.
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| sign | patient has an abnormal lab result
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| inspection | using the eyes to observe the patient
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| vital signs | pulse rate, respiration rate, body temp.
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| radiation oncology | Same as radiation therapy
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| opposite of chronic | acute
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| another name for sonogram | echogram
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| opposite of benign | malignant
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| therapeutic | pertaining to therapy
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| cytotoxic | destructive of damaging to cells
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| term that often preceeds tomography | computed
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| diagnosis | identification of disease by signs, symptoms, and history
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| Stethoscope | instrument often used in auscultation
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| electrocardiogram | heart racing
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| Term that often preceeds resonance | magnetic
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| narcotic | drug that produces insensibility or stupor.
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| analgesic | drug that relieves pain
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| chemotherapy | treatment of disease by chemical agents.
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| radioluscent | permitting passage of x-rays.
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| radiopaque | not allowing passage of x-rays.
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| ambulant | describes a person who is able to walk.
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| distal | away from the origin or point of attachment
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| prone | describes a person who is lying face down.
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| proximal | nearer to the origin or point of attachment
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| recumbant | lying down
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| supine | describes a person who is lying on back.
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| acrocyanosis | cyanosis of the extremities
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| laparoscopy | examination of the interior of the abdomen.
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| peritonitis | inflamation of the peritoneum
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| abdominothoracic | pertaining to the abdomen and chest
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| acral | pertaining to the arms and legs.
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| blepharoplasty | plastic surgery of the eyelid
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| omphalorrhexis | rupture of the umbilicus (naval)
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| shortened term for thoracocentesis | thoracentesis
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| Thoracotomy | surgical incision of the chest wall
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| thrombocytes | blood platelets, important function in blood clotting
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| erythrocytes | red blood cells, often decreased in anemia
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| leukocytes | white blood cells, often increased in leukemia
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| Plasma | fluid portion of blood
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| hematoma | term for localized collection of blood in an organ, tissue, or space.
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| hemolysis | destruction of erythrocytes with the liberation of hemoglobin
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| hemodialysis | process of diffusing blood through a semi permeable membrane to remove toxic materials.
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| coagulation | another term for clotting of blood when it's remobed from the body.
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| anticoagulation | a substance that prevents blood from clotting when it's removed from the body
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| thrombosis | term for formation of internal blood clots
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| shortened term for thrombocytopenia | thrombopenia
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| anemia | condition in which both erythrocytes, hemoglobin, or both are decreased.
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| phagocytes | cells that can digest and destroy particular matter.
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| hematopoiesis | formation and development of blood cells
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| shortened term for leukocytopenia | leukopenia
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| term that has the opposite meaning of erythrocytopenia | erythrocytosis
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| specific-resistance | antigen-antibody reaction that destroys microorganisms.
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| nonspecific- resistance | digestive acids destroy many swallowed microorganisms
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| nonspecific- resistance | sneezing expels foreign matter
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| specific resistance | the immune reaction attacks foreign substances
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| nonspecific resistance | urine aids in eliminating microorganisms
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| active immunity | having a disease, receiving an vaccination
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| passive immunity | receiving antibodies from a host, receiving antibodies through the placenta
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