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Procedural Terms - Respiratory

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Term
Definition
bronchogram   x-ray image of the bronchi  
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bronchography   process of x-ray imaging the bronchi  
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bronchoscope   instrument used for visual examination of the bronchi  
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bronchoscope   visual examination of the bronchi  
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endoscope   instrument used for visual examination within a hollow organ or body cavity  
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endoscopic   pertaining to visual examination of a hollow organ or body cavity  
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endoscopy   visual examination of a hollow organ or body cavity  
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laryngoscope   instrument used for visual examination of the larynx  
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laryngoscopy   visual examination of the larynx  
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thoracoscope   instrument used for visual examination of the thorax  
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thoracoscopy   visual examination of the thorax  
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oximeter   instrument used to measure oxygen percentage in the blood stream  
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spirometer   instrument used to measure breathing or lung volume  
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polysomnography(PSG)   process of recording many (tests) during sleep to diagnose obstructive sleep apnea  
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chest CT (computed tomography) scan   computerized images of the chest reproduced in sections sliced from front to back horizontally. Used to diagnose tumors, abscesses, and pleural effusion  
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chest x-ray (CXR)   an x-ray image of the chest used to evaluate the lungs and the heart  
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ventilation-perfusion scanning (VPS)   a nuclear medicine procedure used to diagnose pulmonary embolism and other condition (lung scan)  
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acid-fast bacilli (AFB) smear   a test done on sputum to determine the presence of acid-fast bacilli, which causes tuberculosis  
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arterial blood gases (ABGs)   a test done on arterial blood to determine levels of oxygen, carbon dioxide, and other gases present  
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pulmonary function test (PFTs)   a group of tests performed on breathing to determine respiratory function or abnormalities  
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pulse oximetry   a noninvasive method of measuring oxygen in the blood by using a device that attaches to the fingertip  
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PPD skin test   a test done on individuals who have recently been exposed to tuberculosis.  
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spirometry   a measurment of breathing (or lung volumes)  
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ANOXIA   Absence of oxygen.  
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3.ANTIHISTAMINE   A drug that opposes the action of of histamine.  
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ANTROTOMY   Cutting through an antral wall.  
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ATELECTASIS   Acollapse or airless condition of the lungs.  
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BRONCHODILATOR   A drug that expands the bronchi by relaxing bronchial muscle.  
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CHEYNE-STOKES   A breathing pattern marked by a period of apnea lasting 10 to 60 sec. followed by gradually increasing depht and frequency of respirations (hyperventilation)  
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DIFFUSION   The tendency of molecules of a substance (gaseous, liquid, or solid) to move from high to lower concentration  
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EPISTAXIS   Hemorrhage from the nose; nosebleed.  
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EXPECTORANT   An agent such as guaifenesin, that promotes the clearance of mucus from the respiratory tract.  
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HYPOSTATIC PNEUMONIA   Occurs in elderly or bed-ridden patients who remain constantly in the same position.  
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ANOXIA   Absence of oxygen.  
🗑
ANTIHISTAMINE   A drug that opposes the action of of histamine.  
🗑
ANTROTOMY   Cutting through an antral wall.  
🗑
ATELECTASIS   Acollapse or airless condition of the lungs.  
🗑
BRONCHODILATOR   A drug that expands the bronchi by relaxing bronchial muscle.  
🗑
CHEYNE-STOKES   A breathing pattern marked by a period of apnea lasting 10 to 60 sec. followed by gradually increasing depht and frequency of respirations (hyperventilation)  
🗑
DIFFUSION   The tendency of molecules of a substance (gaseous, liquid, or solid) to move from high to lower concentration  
🗑
EPISTAXIS   Hemorrhage from the nose; nosebleed.  
🗑
EXPECTORANT   An agent such as guaifenesin, that promotes the clearance of mucus from the respiratory tract, by upsetting the stomach, which triggers the lungs to become wet.  
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HYPOSTATIC PNEUMONIA   Occurs in elderly or bed-ridden patients who remain constantly in the same position.  
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MEDIASTINUM   A septum or cavity between the two principal portions of an organ. Mass of organs and tissues separating the lungs.  
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ORTHOPNEA   Labored breathing that occurs when lying flat and is relieved by sitting up. This is one of the classic symptoms for left ventricular heart failure.  
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RALES   Crackle. An adventitious lung sound heard on oscultation of the chest , produced by air passing over retained airway secretions.  
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SUFFOCATION   Deprivation of air exchange that produces an intense sensation of air hunger.  
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SURFACTANT   A surface-active agent that lowers surface tension (e.g., oils and various forms of detergents).  
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TRACHEOSTOMY   The surgical opening the trachea to provide and secure an open airway. (Performed in emergency situations when there is an upper respiratory obstruction).  
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