The Anatomy of the Eye
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| Each eye is located within an | orbit
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| A layer of this cushions and protects the eye. | fat
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| These upper and lower structures protect the delicate tissues of the eye. | eyelids
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| These form a protective barrier that extends outward from the eye to catch foreign substances before they come in contact with the eye. | eyelashes
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| The red, triangular tisse at the medial corner where the eyelids meet is called the | caruncle
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| This gland is located in the superior-lateral aspect of each eye. | lacrimal
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| The lacrimal glands continuously secrete tears that travel through the lacrimal | ducts
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| The tears flow into the lacrimal | sac
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| After the tears flow into the lacrimal sac they then flow into this duct. | nasolacrimal
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| The delicate, transparent mucous membrane that covers the insides of the eyelids and the anterior surface of the eye is called the | conjunctiva
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| This is called the "white of the eye". | sclera
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| This structure allows light to enter the eye. | cornea
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| The colored part of your eye is called the | iris
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| In bright light, muscles in the iris contract to constrict and decrease the diamater of the pupil. This process is known as | miosis
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| In dim light, muscles in the iris relax to dilate and increase the diameter of the pupil. This process is called | mydriasis
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| Eye color is determined by | genetics
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| The spongy membrane of blood vessels that is part of the internal structure of the eye is called | choroid
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| The extension of the choroid that holds the lens in place behind the iris is called the | ciliary body
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| The clear, flexible disk behind the pupil is called the | lens
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| The lens of the eye is surrounded by the | lens capsule
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| The process by which the lens changes shape is called | accomodation
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| The small space between the cornea and the iris is called the | anterior chamber
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| The very narrow space posterior to the iris is called the | posterior chamber
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| The clear, watery fluid that is produced continuously by the ciliary body is called | aqueous humor
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| The largest space in the eye is the | posterior cavity
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| The clear, gel-like substance that helps maintian the shape of the eye is called | vitreous humor
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| The geneal word for the retina is the | fundus
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| The thin layer of tissue that lines the curved posterior wall of the eye is the | retina
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| The bright, yellow-white circle with sharp edges in the are of the retina closest to the nose is called the | optic disk
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| The optic disk is where this structure enters the eye. | optic nerve
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| The optic disk is also known as the | blind spot
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| The dark yellow,orange area behind the optic disk is the | macula
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| The small depression in the center of the macula is the | fovea
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| Light rays entering the pupil fall on the | macula
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| These muscles control the movement of the eye. | extraocular
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| The extraocular muscles are attached to the sclera by | tendons
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| The retina contains special light-sensitive cells known as rods and | cones
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| Rods detect black and white but not | color
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| Cones are only sensitive to | color
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| This combining form means "before; front part" | anter/o
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| The combining form means"to adapt" | accommod/o
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| This combining form means "watery substance" | aque/o
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| This combining form means "choroid (middle layer around the eye) | choroid/o
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| This combining form means "hairlike structure' | cili/o
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| This combining form means "ciliary body (of the eye); circle; cycle" | cycl/o
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| This combining form means "conjunctiva" | conjunctiv/o
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| The combining forms "corne/o and kerat/o" both mean | cornea
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| The combining forms "ocul/o, opt/o, and ophthalm/o" all mean | eye
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| The combining form "blephar/o" means | eyelid
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| The combining form that means "small depressed area" is | fove/o
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| The combining forms "fund/o and fundu/o" both mean | fundus
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| The combining forms "irid/o and ir/o" both mean | iris
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| The combining form "lacrim/o" means | tears
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| This combining form means "before; front part" | anter/o
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| The combining form means"to adapt" | accommod/o
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| This combining form means "watery substance" | aque/o
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| This combining form means "choroid (middle layer around the eye) | choroid/o
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| This combining form means "hairlike structure' | cili/o
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| This combining form means "ciliary body (of the eye); circle; cycle" | cycl/o
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| This combining form means "conjunctiva" | conjunctiv/o
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| The combining forms "corne/o and kerat/o" both mean | cornea
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| The combining forms "ocul/o, opt/o, and ophthalm/o" all mean | eye
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| The combining form "blephar/o" means | eyelid
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| The combining form that means "small depressed area" is | fove/o
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| The combining forms "fund/o and fundu/o" both mean | fundus
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| The combining forms "irid/o and ir/o" both mean | iris
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| The combining form "lacrim/o" means | tears
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| The combining form that means "lacrimal sac; tears" is | dacry/o
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| The combining forms "lenticul/o, lent/o, phac/o and phak/o" all mean | lens
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| The combining form "capsul/o" means | capsule
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| The combining form that means "small area or spot" is | macul/o
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| The combining form "mi/o" means | narrowing
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| The combining form "mydr/o" means | widening
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| The combining form "nas/o" means | nose
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| The combining form that means "back part" is | poster/o
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| The combining form that means "hollow space" is | cav/o
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| The combining forms "pupill/o and cor/o" mean | pupil
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| The combining form "retin/o" means | retina
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| The combining form that means "hard; sclera" is | scler/o
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| The combining form that means "three dimensions" is | stere/o
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| The combining form that means "to examine with an instrument" is | scop/o
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| The combining form that means "sight; vision" is | vis/o
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| The combining form that means "transparent substance; vitreous humor" is | vitre/o
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| The conditiion of "inflammation or infection of the eyelid" is called | blepharitis
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| Drooping of the upper eyelid is called | blepharoptosis
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| Weakening of the connective tissue in the lower eyelid is called | ectropion
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| The suffix that means "state of prolapse; drooping; falling" is | -ptosis
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| The weakening of the muscle in the lower eyelid is called | entropion
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| The medical term for "sty" is | hordoleum
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| If the sty becomes inflamed a semisolid cyst it is called a | chalazion
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| A bacterial infection of the lacrimal sac is called | dacryocystitis
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| Insufficient production of tears resulting in eye irritation is called | xerophthalmia
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| Inflamed, reddened, and swollen conjunctiva is called | conjunctivitis
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| The common name for conjunctivitis is | pink eye
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| The combining form "xer/o" means | dry
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| The pfefix that means "in; within; inward" is | en-
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| Pronounced outward bulging of the anterior surface of the eye is called | exophthalmos
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| Yellow coloration of the conjunctivae is called | icterus
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| Unequal sizes of the pupils is called | anisocoria
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| Increased intraocular pressure in the eye is called | glaucoma
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| Blood in the anterior chamber of the eye due to trauma or increased pressure is called | hyphema
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| Abnormal sensitivity to bright light is called | photophobia
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| Inflammation or infection of the uveal tract in the eye is called | uveitis
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| The combining form "phot/o" means | light
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| The combining form that means "fear; avoidance" is | phob/o
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| Condition in which the lens of the eye has been surgically removed is called | aphakia
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| Clouding in the lenses of the eyes is called | cataract
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| The combining form "presby/o" means | old age
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| Loss of flexibility of the lens with blurry near vision caused by aging is called | presbyopia
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| The prefix that means "within" is | intra-
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| The combining form that means "silver grey" is | glauc/o
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| The combining form "anis/o" means | unequal
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| The combining form "icter/o" means | jaundice
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| The combining form "ulcerat/o" means | ulcer
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| The combining form that means "scrape off" is | abras/o
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| A chronic progressive condition of the eye in people with diabetes is called diabetic | retinopathy
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| Clumps, dots, or strings of collagen molecules that form in the vitreous humor because of aging are called | floaters
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| Chronic, progressive loss of central vision is called | macular degeneration
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| Marked decrease in visual acuity at night or in dim light is called | night blindness
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| Inflammation and edema of the optic disk caused by increased intracranial pressure is called | papilledema
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| The combining form that means "elevated structure" is | papill/o
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| The suffix that means "swelling" is | -edema
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| The combining form "ne/o" means | new
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| The suffix that means "disease; suffering" is | -pathy
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| Cancerous tumor of the retina in children is called | retinoblastoma
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| The combining form "matur/o" means | mature
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| The combining form that means "growth; formation" is | plas/o
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| The combining form that means "immature; embryonic" is | blast/o
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| Involuntary, rhythmic motions of the eye is called | nystagmus
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| The medical term for the condition commonly known as "cross-eye" is | strabismus
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| The combining form that means "point; mark" is | stigmat/o
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| A vision condition in which the patient's vision is blurry both near and at a distance is called | astigmatism
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| The medical term for "farsightedness" is | hyperopia
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| The medical term for "nearsightedness" is | myopia
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| The medical term for the condition commonly known as "lazy eye" is | amblyopia
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| Double vision is called | diplopia
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| Temporary or permanent visual field defect in one or both eyes is called | scotoma
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| The combining form "scot/o" means | darkness
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| The combining form "dipl/o" means | double
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| The combining form "ambly/o" means | dimness
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| The combining form "myop/o" means | near
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| The suffix that means "condtion of vision" is | -opia
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| The prefix that means "one-half" is | hemi-
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| Plastic surgery to remove fat and sagging skin form the eyelids is called | blehpharoplasty
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| The procedure to remove the eye from the orbit is called | enucleation
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