CIVIL LIBERTIES AND CIVIL RIGHTS - Key Terms 13 of 88
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| Legal and constitutional rights that protect individuals from arbitrary acts of government. They include freedom of speech and guarantees of a fair trial | CIVIL LIBERTIES
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| Policies designed to protect people against arbitrary or discriminatory treatment by government officials or individuals. This includes laws prohibiting racial and gender discrmination. | CIVIL RIGHTS
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| The case by case process by which liberties listed in the Bill of Rights have been applied to the states using the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendement. | SELECTIVE INCORPORATION
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| A provision of the First Amendment that prohibits Congress from establishing an official government sponsored religion. | ESTABLISHMENT CLAUSE
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| A provision of the First Amendement that guarantees each person the right to believe what he or she wants. However, a religion cannot make an act legal that would otherwise be illegal. | FREE EXERCISE CLAUSE
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| Judicial interpretation of the First Amendment that government may not ban speech unless it poses an imminent threat to society | CLEAR AND PRESENT DANGER TEST
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| A court order directing that a prisoner be brought before a court and that the court officers show cause why the prisoner should not be released. | WRIT OF HABEAS CORPUS
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| A legislative act that provides for the punishment of a person without a court trial. | BILL OF ATTAINDER
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| A law applied to an act committed before the law was enacted. | EX POST FACTO LAW
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| Supreme Court guideline that prohibits evidence obtained by illegal seraches or seizures from being admitted in court. | EXCLUSIONARY RULE
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| Warnings that polic must read to suspects prior to questioning that advises them of their rights. | MIRANDA WARNINGS
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| Supreme Court rule that classification by race and ethnic background is inherently suspect and must be justified by a "compelling public interest." | STRICT SCRUTINY
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| A policy requiring federal agencies, universities, and most employers to take positive steps to remedy the effects of past discrimination. | AFFIRMATIVE ACTION
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Created by:
devin12
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