A&P2 Test 5 #9 Urinary-Tubular Reabsorption
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| TUBULAR REABSORPTION: | movement of filtrate (thru tubules) into blood of peritubular capillaries
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| GFR: | amt of filtrate that flows out of all the glomeruli each min
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| Filtrate for normal adult: | 180 liters (48 gal per day)
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| Most of the Filtrate is: | reabsorbed at a rate of 123/124 mi/min (178 to 179 liters per day)
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| Allows body to retain nutrients? | tubular reabsorption
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| Reabsorption mechanisms?(2) | passive & active transport mechanisms
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| Active transport of Na+ followed by: | passive transport of water molecules controls the process of Tubular reabsorbtion
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| As Na+ is actively transported: | water follows by osmosis
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| Sodium ions are actively: | reabsorbed into the capillaries, mostly from PC & DC tubules
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| Epithelial cells thru the sys of: | renal tubules carry out the process of tubular reabsorption
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| These epithelial cells have a: | BRUSH BORDER (MICROVILLI)
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| Brush border greatly: | increases surface area
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| These cells also have cell membrane: | specializations, incl restrictive gated channels & leak channels.
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| These channels selectively: | remove Na+ from the capillaries & transfer it to the epithelial cells
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| Water follows | Na+ by osmosis
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| The epithelial cells can then use a: | system of Na+ pump channels to selectively transfer Na+ out of thier structure into the surrounding interstitial fluid.
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| Water again follows: | the Na+ by osmosis
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| The process is V discriminating: | and only certain materials are reabsorbed,
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| The material reabsorbed is: | water, glucose, amino acids & ions such as:K+,Na+,Ca++, CL-, & HCO3.
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| Glucose is readsorbed: | with an active process involving a carrier enzyme-mediated system
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| The carrier enzyme prob. exists: | in the cells of the tubule walls
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| Other molecules get: | reabsorbed just because they get caught in flow of water
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| About 80% of water is: | absorbed in the PC tubules
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| ACTIVE TUBULAR REABSORPTION: | involves the movement of glucose, amino acids, lactate, vitamins & almost all ions (such as K+ & Na+) against an electrical &/0r chemical gradient
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| PASSIVE TUBULAR REABSORPTION includes: | diffusion, facilitated diffusion and osmosis along an electrochemical gradient
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| Urea, creatinine & uric acid are: | by-products of nucleic acid metabolism
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| are by-products reabsorbed: | No
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