Stack #39648
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| Minerals | raw materials from the earth. They are made from solid chemicals.
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| How are minerals formed? | 1.molten rock from earth;s interior slowly2.chemicals dissolved in ground3.altered by other chemicals in the earth4.existing minerals can be altered by being squeezed or heathed5.evaporates
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| who classified the minerals? | Dr.James Dana in 1848 from Yale university
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| name the eight mineral groups | native elements,silicates,hilides,sulfides,sulfates,phosphates,carbonates,oxides
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| native elements can be: | metals, metalloids or non-metals
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| give 3 examples of metals,metalliods and non-metals | Metals:Cu,Fe,Au,Ag,Pt,Hg Metalloids: arsenic,B,Si,Te Non-metals: C,O,F
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| where is sulfur found? | volcanic springs
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| what colour(s) is copper? | brown/rusty red. It is also green when tarnished
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| where can gold be found? | hydrothermal veins or deposits in riverbeds.
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| what type of clusters does arsenic have? | botryoidal clusters(grape like)
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| What is bismuth used for? | soldering
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| what from is nickel in? | iron-ore
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| Name the four forms of carbon. | diamond,soot,fullerene and graphite
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| silicates are made from ____ and ____ | silicon and oxygen
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| why are felsic silicates lighter than mafic? | They contain less iron and magnesium.
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| Orthoclause are one of the main minerals in ______ rock | graphite
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| where does sandine form | in a variety of volcanic rock
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| Microcline is used to make | fine porcelain
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| what is Muscovite used for? | store windows and chemical components
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| biotite is a common mineral found in_____,____ and ______ | grank, schists and gneisses
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| what colour is Lepidolite ? | pink,purple and gray
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| what makes quartz so common? | they are hard(strong). They do not break down easily.
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| Name the meaning of "not drunk" | Amethyst.
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| What colour is olivine? | dark green
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| pyroxene means: | pyro and stranger
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| what planet is anorthosite found? | Mercury
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| oxides are made of: | metal with oxygen or metal with hydroxide
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| what is rutile used for? | aircrafts,missles nad white paint
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| cassiterite is made of: | tin ore
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| what % of mined uraninite is used in nuclear power stations | 0.028%
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| what is made with iron oxide? | magnetite
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| ruby had an effect called______ | asterism
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| sapphire has a variety of_________ | corundum
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| name three suflides. | galena, cinnabar, and pyrite
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| whta is pyrite made of? | sulfur and iron
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| how are sulfates formed? | 1. when sulfates are exposed to air 2. deposits are left by hot volcanic water.
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| name two characteristics of sulfates. | they are soft and paler, most have transparent to transulcent crystals.
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| which form of gypsum had overlappuing patterns of crytals | daisy
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| which gypsum is "magical"?(colour wise) | Satin spar!
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| Epsomite is formed in: | 1. as a white deposit on limestone cave walls 2. around hot springs
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| why are large empsomite crystals rare? | b/c it dissolves in water
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| name the five halogen elements that can be combined with a metal to create a halide. | fluorine, chlorine, bromine , iodine and astatine.
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| halite is _____. | table salt
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| name the types of halite. | hopper, blue, orange
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| fluorite is usually__________ and forms _________ crystals | monochromatic and octahedral
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| carbonates dissolve easily in __________ | acidic substances
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| name the three carbonate examples. | calcite, malachite and rhodochosite
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| rhodochrosite is ____ coloured. | rose
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| the the characteristics of malachite | light and dark green bands
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| where is rhodochrosite formed? | inside the bubbles of volcanic veins, containing silver ,lead and copper
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| phosphates tend to be________,_________and________ | soft,brittle and colourful
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| what colour is turquoise? | greenish blue to sky blue
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| what colour is apatite? | typically green, but also yellow,blue,reddish brown and purple
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| name the other type of minerals that do not belong to the eight major groups. | nitrates, borate, iodates,organic minerals
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| give an example of a organic mineral | pearls and amber
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| many minerals don't dissolve in pure______ and most dissolve in_______.Name two exceptions to this rule. | water,acids, exceptions:hailites,empsomite and calcite
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| name the three types of cleavage and fractures | perfect cleavage, conchoidal fracture, and uneven fracture
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| describe conchoidal fracture | mineral fractures is a specific pattern
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| name the 6 crystal systems. | cubic,tetragonal, monoclinic,triclininc, orthorhombic, and hexagonal/trigonal
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| where is rhodochrosite formed? | inside the bubbles of volcanic veins, containing silver ,lead and copper
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| phosphates tend to be________,_________and________ | soft,brittle and colourful
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| what colour is turquoise? | greenish blue to sky blue
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| what colour is apatite? | typically green, but also yellow,blue,reddish brown and purple
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| name the other type of minerals that do not belong to the eight major groups. | nitrates, borate, iodates,organic minerals
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| give an example of a organic mineral | pearls and amber
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| many minerals don't dissolve in pure______ and most dissolve in_______.Name two exceptions to this rule. | water,acids, exceptions:hailites,empsomite and calcite
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| name the three types of cleavage and fractures | perfect cleavage, conchoidal fracture, and uneven fracture
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| describe conchoidal fracture | mineral fractures is a specific pattern
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| name the 6 crystal systems. | cubic,tetragonal, monoclinic,triclininc, orthorhombic, and hexagonal/trigonal
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| which crystal system is the least symmetrical ?which most is the most? | least= triclinic most= cubic
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| how many minerals belong to the mono-clinic group | almost 1/3
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| crystal habit | a term to describe the shape that minerals form when they group.
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| name the 6 groups of crystal habit | acicualar,reniform,prismatice,dentric,botryoidal,massive habits
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| which group is of the crystal habit is plant shaped?form needles? | dentric(plant) acicular(needles)
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| who created the hardness scale? | Friedrich Mohs in 1822
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| what is the hardness value of a steel knife?emery cloth?penny? | steel knife=6.5,emery cloth=8.5 penny=3.5
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| what is specific gravity? | a mineral's weight in relation to water
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| when referring to colour and streak minerals are classified as________ and _______. | idiochromatic and allochromatic
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| what is the steak test used for? | to the the colour of the mineral under the top layer or coating on the mineral.
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| what is transperency? | the degree of light penetration
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| what are the three levels of transparency? | opaque, transparent, translucent
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| luster | the way the light bounces of f the minerals' surface.
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| what are the classifications of luster? | glassy(vitreous), sub-mettalic,metallic, greasy and silky.
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| which luster classification does quartz belong to? | greasy
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| which two minerals are magnetic? | hematile and magnetite
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| why are some minerals conductive? | theri concentration of copper
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| what are minerals made of? | lol...... ;)
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