APMT Chapter 15 Lymphatic system
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| How many components does the lymphatic system have? | 3 components 1. Lymphatic capillaries and vessels.2. tissues and organs that produce immune cells.3. Lymph
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| What is the functions of the lymphatic system? | 1. Absorb interstitial fluid and return it to the blood stream.2. Romove foreign chemicals, cells and debris.3.Absorb lipids from small intestine.
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| Where in the body are lymph nodes found? | In the neck, axilla and groin areas.
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| How many lymphatic ducts are in the body? | Two - the right lymphatic duct and the thoracic duct.
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| Where is the Right Lymphatic Duct located and what does it do? | Recieves lymph for the right arm, head and right side of the thorax. It drains into the right sublcavian vein.
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| Where is the Thoracic Duct located and what does it do? | Recieves lymph for the left arm, left side of the head, thorax and both sides of the body below the diaphragm. It drains in to the sublcavian vein.
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| Where is the spleen located? | Left Upper Quadrant.
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| What is the largest lymphatic organ? | The spleen
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| What types of tissue does the spleen contain? | White pulp and Red pulp
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| White pulp | Produces T and B cells. Monitors blood for antigens and produces antibodies.
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| Red pulp | A reservoir for erythrocytes, platelets and macrophages
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| What is the function of the spleen? | Phagocytize bacteria, initiate an immune response, phagocyzite old and defective erythrocytes and to serve as a reservoir.
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| Tonsils | Two masses of lymphatic tissue at the enterance to the oropharynx. It traps inhaled and digested pathogens.
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| Adenoids | Similar to tonsils. Located on posterior wall of the nasopharynx
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| Thymus | Has boh endocrine and lymphatic functions. Reaches maximum size a puberty.
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| T Cells (T lymphocytes) | (Thymus Cells) Make up 75 to 85% of body lymphocytes. Includes: Cytotoxic T cells, Helper T cells, Memory T cells and Suppressor T cells.
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| B Cells (B lymphocytes) | Also called plasma cells. Mature in the bone marrow. Make up 15 to 25% of lymphocytes. Produce antibodies.
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| Null Cells | Large natural killer cells
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| Macrophages | Performs phagocytes
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| Enlargement of nodes | Indication of disease or infection in the tissue
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| Lymphadenitis | Whe lymph nodes are swollen and tender to the touch(infection)
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| Tonsillitis | Inflammation of the tonsils and adenoids
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| oid | resembles
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| aden | gland
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| co | together
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| macro | large
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| phage | to eat
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| cyte | cell
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| osis | condition
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| ic | pertaining to
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| ectomy | surgical excision
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| megaly | enlargement
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| itis | inflammation
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| splen/o | spleen
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| tonsills | skin
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| CD | Cluster Domain
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| Ig | Immunoglobulin
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| Splenomegaly | Enlarged spleen. Traps and stores excessive number of blood cells ans platelets, which reduces the number in the bloodstream
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| anti | against
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| hyper | excessive
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| auto | self or same
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| trans | across
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| retro | backwards
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| allo | strange or other
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| ana | away from
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| oma | tumor
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| gram | recording
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| osis | condition
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| ism | condition
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| immune | Protected from an infectious disease
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| immunity | State of being protected
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| immunology | THe science and practise of immunity and allergy
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| immunologist | Medical specialist in immunology
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| immunize | Make resistant to an infectious disease
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| immunization | Administration of an agent to provise immunity
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| immunoglobulin | Specific protein voked by an anigen. All antibodies are immunoglobulins
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| pathogen | A disease-causing microorganism
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| adenoid | Single mass of lymphoid tissue in the midline at the back of the throat
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| macrophage | Large,white blood cell that removes bacteria, foriegn particles, and dead cells.
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| tonsillectomy | Surgical removal of the tonsils
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| vaccination | Administration of a vaccine
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| autoimmune | Immune reaction directed against a person's own tissue
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| anaphylactic | Immediate severe allergic response
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| hypersensitivity | Exaggerated abnormal reaction to an allergen.
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| anaphylaxis | Immediate severe allergic response
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| What are the three lines of defense against pathogens? | Physical mechanisms, Cellular Mechanisms, and Humoral Mechanisms
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| Splenectomy | Surgical removal of the spleen.
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| Asthma | Episodes of breathing difficulty due to narrowed or obstructed airways
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| autoimmune | Immune reaction directed against a persons own tissue
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| Immunodeficiency | Failure of the immune system
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| What are the classes of Immunodeficiency disorders? | Congential, Immunosuppression and acquired immunodeficiency(HIV/AIDS)
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| Immune system | A group of specialized cells, verses an organ system. Has 3 characteristics that include Specificity, memory and discrimination.
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| What are the two types of immunity? | Cellular and Humoral
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| Types of Immunoglobulins | igG,igA,igM,igD, and igE
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| What are the four classes of Immunity? | Natural active, artificial active, natural passive, and artificial paasive immunity
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| What four functions do antibodies have? | Neutralization, agglutination, precipitation and complement fixation.
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