from words DNA to Cystoscopy
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The nucleic acid that contains all of an individual's genes. Found in the nucleus. | DNA
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A region on DNA that contains the "code" for making one protein. | Genes
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Different forms of a gene | Alleles
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An allele that is always expressed. | Dominant
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An allele that will be expressed only when the person is homozygous. It is hidden or partially hidden in the presence of a dominate allele | Recessive
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A two letter code that describes which alleles a person has (AA, Aa, aa) | Genotype
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Having the same two alleles for a gene. | Homozygous
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Having different alleles for a gene | Heterozygous
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The allele that we can see evidence of. | Expressed
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Describes what characteristics are produced as a result of having a certain genotype | Phenotype
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The combination of DNA and proteins found in a cell that is going thru mitosis. | Chromosomes
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Chromosome pairs 1-22 | Autosomes
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The 23rd pair of chromosomes in humans | Sex Chromosomes
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Describes the microscopic appearance of chromosomes | Karyotype
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Having the normal 23 pairs of chromosomes | Diploid
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Having and abnormal number of chromosomes | Aneuploid
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Missing a chromosome. | Monosomy
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Having an extra copy of a chromosome | Trisomy
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The percentage of blood volume occupied by RBC | Hematocrit
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The average size of a RBC | Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV)
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A group of diseases that decreases the ability of blood to carry oxygen | Anemias
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A group of diseases taht results in a dramatic increase in the number of leukoblasts | Leukemias
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Having an abnormal high number of erythrocytes | Polycythemia
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A decrease in the number of all normal blood cells | Pancytopenia
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A decrease in the number of RBC | Erythrocytopenia
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A decrease in the number of WBC | Leukopenia
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Thrombocytopenia | Having a low number of platelets
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A genetic decrease in the activity of one of the clotting factors | Hemophilia
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A group of genetic anemias resulting in a decrease in the synthesis of goblin chains | Thallasemias
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Any factor from within the body | Intrinsic Factor (general Def)
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A protein secreted by gastric glands that is needed for the absorbtion of vitamin B-12 | Intrinsic Factor (for pernicious anemia)
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Any factor coming from outside the body | Extrinsic Factor (general Definition)
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Vitamin B-12 (cyanocobalamine) | Extrinsic Factor (for pernicious anemia)
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Any diagnostic procedure that listens to body sounds | Auscultation
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An ultrasound of the heart | Echocardiography
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An electrocardiogram performed while the heart rate is elevated | Stress Test
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A contrast x-ray showing circulation | Angiography
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Protiens released from damaged cardiac tissue in the blood; used as a diagnosic indicator of myocardial infarction | Cardiac Markers
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Having a normal heart rhythm established by the sinoatrial node | Normal Sinus Rhythm
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Having a resting heart rate less than 60 beats per minute | Bradycardia
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Having a resting heart rate of greater than 100 beats per minute | Tachycardia
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The inability of a valve to either open or close properly | Valvular incompetence
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The inability of a valve to open completely | Valvular Stenosis
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When one of the AV valves swings up into the atrium when it should be closed. | Vavlular Prolapse
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The build up of fatty deposits (plaque) within blood vessels | Artherosclerosis
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Hardening of Arteries | Arteriosclerosis
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Narrowing of the arteries | Arteriostenosis
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A local decrease in blood flow due to obstruction | Ischemia
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Chest pains as a result of myocardial ischemia | Angina Pectoris
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Ischemic necrosis of heart muscle. AKA Heart Attack | Myocardial Infarctions
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A temporary disease in cerebral function as a result of ischemia. | TIA
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Ischemic necrosis of cerebrum. AKA stroke | Cerebral Infarction
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Chronic high blood pressure that is a complication of another condition | Secondary Hypertension
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Chronic High blood pressure of unknown origin | Primary (Essential) Hypertension
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Localized dilation of artery or chamber of the heart as a result of a weakness in the wall | Aneurysm
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Coughing up blood from lungs | Hemoptysis
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A lack of oxygen | Hypoxia
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An excess of carbon dioxide | Hypercapnea
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A decrease in the pH of body fluids as a result of buildup of carbon dioxide | Respiratory Acidosis
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A partial or complete collapse of lung tissue | Atelectasis
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The presence of air between the visceral pleura and the parietal pleura | Pneumothorax
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A group of over-inflated alveoli | Bullae
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A lesion thru the skin or a mucous membrane | Ulcer
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A lesion caused by pepsin | Peptic Ulcer
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A lesion in the mucosal lining of the duodenum | Duodenal ulcer
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A lesion in the mucosal lining of the stomach | Gastric Ulcer
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A lesion in the lining of the esophagus | Esophageal Ulcer
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A pouch or sac that developes off of a tubular structure such as the intestine | Diverticulum
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Inflammation of a pouch or sac opening off of a tubular structure | Diverticulitis
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The presence of diverticula within the intestine | Diverticulosis
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The presence of stones within the gall bladder of biliary ducts. | Cholelithiasis
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A disease of nervous tissue | Neuropathy
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A disease of muscle tissue | Myopathy
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A contrast x-ray showing teh structures that carry urine | Intravenous Pyelogram
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A blood test used as and indicator of kidney function. | BUN
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A measure of kidney function that compares the quantity fo creatine excreted in the urine over a 24 hour period to the concentration of creatine in the blood | Creatinine Clearance
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Using an endoscope to examine the urinary bladder | Cystoscopy
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