ch. 5 integumentary system
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| epidermis is made of up this kind of tissue | epithelial
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| dermis' made up of these tissue types | connective, nerve & muscle
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| __ makes up 90% of cells in the epidermis | kerantinocytes
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| provide melanin pigment | Menanocytes
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| cells that come from bone marrow | langerhan cells
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| theses cells provide immunity | langerhan cells
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| these cells form touch receptors | merkel cells
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| merkel cells lay in the ___ section of the epidermis | deepest layer
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| ___ layer contains dark staining keratohyalin granules | stratum granulosum
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| deepest single layer of cells | stratum basale
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| also called stratum germinativum | stratum basale
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| combination of merkel cells, melanocytes, keratinocytes & stem cells that repediately divide | stratum basale
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| in the stratum basale layer of the epidermis cells attach to each other & to basement membrany by _______ | desmosomes & hemidesmosomes
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| 8-10 cell layers held together by desmosomes | stratum spinosum
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| in this layer melanin taken in by phagocytosis from nearby melanocyes | stratum spinosum
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| 3-5 layers of flat dying cells showing nuculear deneration | stratum granulosum
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| this layer contains lamellar granules that release lipids that repels water | stratum granulosum
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| this layer is only seen in thick skin | stratum lucidum
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| 3-5 layers of flat dead cells contains precusor to keratin | stratum lucidum
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| 25-50 layers flat dead cells filled w/ keratin and surrounded by lipids | stratum corneum
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| layer of epidermis that friction stumulates callus formation | stratum corneum
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| stem cells divide to produce ___ | keratinocytes
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| Af keratinocytes are pushed up towards the surface, they fill with ___ | keratin
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| It takes __ weeks for a cell to travel through all the layers | 4
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| This hormone can speed up the cells journey through the epidermis | epidermial growth factor (efg)
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| These compose the dermis | collagen, elastic fibers, fibroblasts, macrophages & fat cells
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| this layer contains hair follicles, glands, nerves & blood vessels | dermis
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| two major regions of dermis | papillary & reticular regions
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| anchor epidermis to dermis, contain capillaries that feed epidermis& contains meissner's corpuscles are functions of the __ region | papillary region
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| the papillary region contains ___ &makes up the __ of the dermis | dermal papillae (finger like projections) to 20%
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| the recticular region is made up of this type of tissue | connective
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| This region is packed with oil glands, sweat glands ducts & hair follicles | recticular region
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| this region provides strength extensibility and elasticity to skin (strech marks) | recticular region
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| epidermal ridges form in fetus as epidermis conforms to dermal papillae (increasese gripi of hands)which region does this occur in? | recticular
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| melanocytes convert ___ to melanin | tyrosine
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| inherited lack of tyrosinase | albinism
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| autoimmune loss of melanocytes in areas of the skin (white patches) | vitiligo
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| This precursor to vitamin A is found in stratum corneum & dermis | carotene
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| red oxygen carrying pigment in bloodcells | hemoglobin
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| yellowish color to skin and whites of eyes buildup of bilirubin in blood from liver disearse | jaundice
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| bluish color in nail bds aand skin hemoblobin depleted of oxygen looks purple blue | cyanotic
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| redness of skin due to enlargement of capillaries in dermis during inflammation & infection it burn | erythema
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| cells sink inwards during development to form: | hair, oil glands, sweat glands (sudoriferous, & nails
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| core of the hair | medulla
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| daughter cells farther from the center of the hair matrix for the _____ (intermed layer) | cortex
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| surface of hair | cuticle
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| CS round in straigh hair oval in curly | no answer
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| this surounds the hair root and the deeper portion of the shaft. produced by cells at the periphery of hair mtris | internal root sheath
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| extends from skin surface to hair matrix cell layers foun in the superficial epidermis | external root sheath
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| thickened basal lamina wrapped in dense connective tissue sheath | glassy membrane
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| base of hair follicle is ___ (germindal cell layer) | hair bulb (surrounds hair papillia)
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| these detect hair movement | hair root plexus
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| smooth muscle in dermis contracts with cold/fear gOoOooOosebumps form as hairs pulled virtically | arrector pili
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| in the growth stage the matrix cells at the base of hair root produce ____ | length of hair
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| The resting stage of hair last for ___ and folicle atrophies | 3 months
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| blonde & red hair contain melanin with ____ | iron and sulfer
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| oil glands: secretory portion in the dermis, most open onto hair shafts | sebaceous gland
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| this keeps hair soft, is composed of cholestoerol, proteins fats & salts, and inhibits growth of bacteria | sebum
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| sudoriferous glans that are in most areas of the skin, secrete portion in dermis w/ duct to serfact, regulatebod temp | eccrine glands
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| found in the armpit and pubic region, secretes entire cell to cause lager oder, | apocrine glands
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| these glands produce waxy secretion in ear canal | ceruminous glands
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| nails are composed of tightly packed _____cells | keratinized
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| the lunula appears white due to thickedned ____ | stratum basale
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| cuticle (eponychium) is made up of this | stratum corneum
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| visible portion of nail pink due to ___ | underlying capillaries
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| another name for cuticle | eponychium
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| nails grow this fast | 1mm/week
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| thick skin lacks this | hair folicles & sebaceous glands
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| in which layer of the skin does cell division occur? | stratum germinativum
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| which layer consists of loose connective tissue & contains capiliaries & sensory neurons | papillary region
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| this region consists of dense irregular connective tissue and bundles of colagen fibers | recticular region
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| pressure sores | decubitus ulcers
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| eoudernus develops from this germ layer | ectodermal
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| dermis develops from this gem layer | mesodermal
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| fetal hair | lanugo
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| slipper coating of oil and slothed skin present at birth | vernix caseosa
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| non-life threatening skin cancer | basal cell carcinoma & squamous c ell carcinoma
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