World War One Unit Test
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| Triple Alliance | an agreement to support you partner in case they are attacked (Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy)
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| Triple Entente | an agreement to support your partner is case of war, not only limited to being attacked (Britain, France, Russia)
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| Robert Borden | prime minister of Canada during war time, responsible for conscription and announcing Canada would support the war
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| Sam Hughes | Minister of Militia, concentrated on recruiting lots of men made soldiers use Ross rifle and shovel which were useless weapons in the trenches
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| Newfoundland Regiment | a batch of soldiers from Newfoundland that were virtually wiped out in the battle of Beaumont Hamel
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| Billy Bishop | One of Canada’s most famous pilots, he became an ace in world war one.
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| Arthur Currie | Canada’s most famous general, responsible for many victories including Vimy Ridge; he also predicted the Passchendale loss.
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| Franz Ferdinand | Archduke of Austria who was assassinated which caused the spark of war
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| Black Hand | A secret group put together to assassinate the Archduke Franz Ferdinand
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| War Measures Act | August 1914, an act was announced giving the government control over many areas of life
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| No Man’s Land | barren land in between the enemy trenches, filled with dead bodies, shells, etc. It was very dangerous
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| Stalemate | when not much land is covered, the armies stayed in the same place.
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| Ross Rifle | a gun Sam Hughes insisted Canadians used, it was a fail it always jammed
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| Trench Warfare | World War one was Trench Warfare, the armies dug into the ground and fought by taking over enemy trenches
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| Dog Fights | In the Air, planes would have “dog fights” where they would try to take the enemy plane down
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| U-Boats | Germany created these submarines which carried 12 torpedoes; these submarines sunk 200 British ships
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| Creeping Barrage | Used by Arthur Currie in Vimy Ridge, it was a carefully planned attack that required heavy artillery and for soldiers to keeping moving forward offensively
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| Soldiers of the Soil | Teenagers who worked on farms to replace those off at war
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| Victoria Cross: | One the highest honours during world war one many Canadians received this medal
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| Ace: | Once a pilot had more than 5 kills they were considered an Ace
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| Ypres: | (1915) the first time poison gas was used was in this battle (by Germans)
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| Passchendale | (1917): Arthur Currie protested this battle but Sir Haig insisted Allies lost 300,000 men only gain a few miles of land.
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| Vimy Ridge: | (1917) An All Canadian attack led by Arthur Currie using the creeping barrage strategy, France and Britain failed before Canada succeeded
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| Somme | (1916) was supposed to be a surprise attack by Franco-British forces but Germans were forewarned and entrenched themselves, many died including the Newfoundland regiment
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| Halifax Explosion | (1917) two ships carrying very dangerous explosives collided and combusted creating a gigantic explosion killing and injuring many
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| Lusitania:(1915) | A Passenger ship from New York was headed to England when it was bombed by German U-boats, 128 Americans died and Germany insisted they attacked because the boat was carrying explosives, this is why America entered war in 1917
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| Schlieffen Plan: | developed by Alfred Von Schlieffen, Germans would first attack France by going through Belgium then attack Russia on the opposite side
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| Treaty of Versailles: | (June 1919) based on U.S President Woodrow Wilson 14 Points,
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| Results of the treaty of versailles | - Germany had to take the blame - Armed forces were reduced - German troops were not allowed in Rhineland - Forced to pay for damages - Lost its empire - Areas that once belonged to Germany were run by league of nations
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| Wartime Elections act: | prevented certain people from voting, (i.e. people from enemy states, those against the war) also gave people the right to vote (i.e. soldiers overseas, women with men overseas)
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| Why did Canada Join the War? | prevented certain people from voting, (i.e. people from enemy states, those against the war) also gave people the right to vote (i.e. soldiers overseas, women with men overseas)
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| What was the Schlieffen Plan | The Schlieffen Plan was a plan that was supposed to help Germany win a Two Front war, it included: - First attacking France by going through Belgium - defeat France within 6 weeks then move east to defeat Russia
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| List One Long Term Cause and Two Short Forms of the War | Short Term Cause – Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria was murdered Long Term Cause – Militarism: Arms Race (comparison among nations) & Imperialism: Empire Building
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| Advantage of a Submarine | Could attack a boat by surprise
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| Disadvantage of Submarine | Had to recharged regularly and had to resurface often
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| Advantage of a Tank | virtually bulletproof
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| Disadvantage of a Tank | got stuck in the mud
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| Advantage of Gas | Did not require men to go onto battlefield
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| Disadvantage of Gas | There were ways to endure these attacks
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| Advantage of Machine gun | Rapid-fire created mass murder
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| Disadvantage of Machine gun | Sometime jammed or overheated
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| War Measures Act | Gave government control over more things in life (1914) - I.e. making farms grow things that were useful in war
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| Wartime Elections Act | took the right to vote away from some people and gave it to some people - i.e. women with men overseas could vote, those against war could not
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| Enemy Aliens | could be arrested and detained without legal protections
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| What role did propoganda play in the war? | played a large role in world war one, it got many soldiers to enlist and got Canadians very excited over the war. It was effective because many soldiers did enlist because of propaganda and many people supported the war by buying victory bonds.
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| What role did canada play in the battle of Passchendale | Currie protested, but Haig insisted, Canadians fought very hard but lots over 15,000 soldiers only to gain a few miles of land
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| What role did Canada play in the battle of Ypres | First time Canadians saw actions, they fought to the finish and were known as courageous fighters
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| What role did Canada play in the battle of Somme | Canadians were able to take over German trenches, Newfoundland regiment was annihilated but the confirmed their rep.
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| What role did Canada play in the battle of Vimy Ridge | All Canadian attack capturing an important German Base, Britain and France failed but Canada pushed through
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