Polk Administration
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| dark horse | suprise nomination. For ex. nobody knew who Polk was when he was nominated for pres. election.
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| Polk's slogan for expansion | "Reannexation of Texas and Reoccupation of Oregon"; "Fifty-four forty or fight" - was the claim to Oregon; "All of Oregon or none"
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| How did a 3rd party caused Clay to loose the election of 1845? | The Liberty Party (3rd party) ran James G. Birney for president. Their members were Whigs who would have ote for Clay if the Liberty party had not been organized.
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| Sam Houston | Lead Taxans to defeat Mexican general Santa Anna at the San Jacinto River 1836.
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| When did Texas declare itself an independent republic? | When Houston and troops defeated Santa Anna
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| Zachary Taylor | In 1845, he was ordered to defend the "territory of Texas" along the Rio Grande.
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| What "reason" did the Mexican War started? | 1846, American force of 63 men was captured, 11 were killed. THe war was on. Polk declared war because Mexico had "shed blood upon American soil"
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| What ended the Mexican war? | The battle at Buena Vista, where Zachary Taylor won; Winfield Scott's campaign against the war; arines took control of the Mexico City (Mexico's capital)
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| Guadalupe Hidalgo Treaty (1848) | The US gets New Mexico and CA, mexcio recognized Rio Grande River as the border of Texas, US paid $15 million
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| Gadsen Purchase 1853 | US purchased a small strip of land for $10 million. This territory contained a pass through the mountains for railroads
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| Compromise of 1850 (Omnibus Bill) (Fillmore administration) | CA was admitted as a free state; nothing could be done about slavery in Texas; Area between TX and CA were divided at the 37th parallel; Fugitive Slave law contain provisions to recover fugitive slaves
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| 37th parallel (Fillmore administration) | In the territory south and north of the 37th parallel there were no restrictions to slavery. But when either territory become a state, the people living there could then decide by popular vote whether they want a slave or free state.
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| Fugitive Slave law (Fillmore administration) | It states that enforcement officials need to capture fugitive slaves; everybody need to enforce this law; fugitive was not allow to testify in his own behalf; no trial by jury; $1000 fine to anyone helping slaves escape
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| Clayton-Bulwer Treaty 1850 (Fillmore administration) | cool down hostility between British and US. a) neither GB nor the US will seek or acquire control over Central Amer.; any canal built must be open to the ships of all nations; nations that canal passes through must give consent for canal's construction
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