Miller Motter Medical Terminology Ch10-11 (revised)
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| pupil | black,circular opening in the center of the iris through which light passes as it enters the eye.
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| sclera | tough fibrous, white outer coat extending from the cornea to the optic nerve.
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| vitreous | jelly-like mass filling the inner chamber b/w the lens and retina that gives bulk to the eye.
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| diplopia | double vision
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| exopthalmus or exopthalmos | abnormal protrusion of one or both eyeballs
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| lacrimation | secretion of tears
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| nystagmus | involuntary, rapid, oscillating movement of the eyeball
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| photophobia | extreme sensitivity to, and discomfort from, life
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| scotoma | blind spot in vision
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| astigmatism | distorted vision caused by an oblong or cylindrical curvature of the lens or cornea that prevents the light rays from coming to a single focus on the retina
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| hyperopia | farsightedness; difficulty seeing close objects when light rays are focused on a point behind the retina
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| myopia | nearsightedness; difficulty seeing distant objects when light rays are focused on a point in front of the retina
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| presbyopia | impaired vision caused by old age or loss of accomodation
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| pterygium | fibrous, wing-shaped growth of conjunctival tissue that extends onto the cornea, developing most commonly from prolonged exposure to ultraviolet light
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| strabismus | a condition of eye misalignment caused by intraocular muscle imbalance
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| enuclation | excision of the eyeball
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| iridectomy | excision of a portion of an iris
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| intraocular lens(IOL)implant | implantation of an artificial lens to replace a defective natural lens
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| mydriatic | agent that causes dialation of the pupil; used for certain eye examinations
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| miotic | agent that causes the pupil to contract
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| air or gas | aer/o
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| deafness | general term for partial or complete loss of hearing
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| presbyacusis | hearing impairment in old age
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| audiologist | health professional who specializes in the study of hearing impairments
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| otoscopy | use of an otoscope to examine the external auditory canal and tympanic membrane
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| myringotomy | incision into the eardrum, most often for insertion of a small polyethylene (PE) tube to keep the canal open and prevent fluid buildup, such as occurs in otitis media
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| otoplasty | surgical repair of the external ear
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| irrigation of the external ear canal, often to remove excessive buildup of cerumen | ear lavage
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| myringitis | inflammation of an eardrum
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| vertigo | a turning around; dizziness
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| tinnitus | a jingling; ringing or buzzing in the ear
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| otorrhea | purulent drainage from the ear
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| otorrhagia | bleeding from the ear
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| otalgia, otodynia | earache
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| stapes | stirrup; last of the three auditory ossicles of the middle ear
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| incus | anvil; middle of the three auditory ossicles of the middle ear
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| malleus | hammer; first of the three auditory ossicles of the middle ear
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| tympanic membrane | eardrum; drum-like structure that receives sound collected in the external auditory canal and amplifies it through the middle ear
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| auricle | pinna(little ear) projected part of the middle ear
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| external ear | outer structures of the ear that collect sound
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| -acusis | hearing condition
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| tympan/o, myring/o | eardrum
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| salping/o | eustachian tube, or uterine tube
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| cerumin/o | wax
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| aur/i, ot/o | ear
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| acusi/o, audi/o | hearing
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| aque/o | water
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| blephar/o | eyelid
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| conjunctiv/o | conjunctiva
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| cycl/o | circle, cilliary body
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| corne/o, kerat/o | cornea
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| ir/o irid/o | colored circle, iris
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| lacrim/o dacry/o | tear
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| ocul/o, opthalm/o, opt/o | eye
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| phac/o, phak/o | lens, lentil
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| phot/o | light
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| presby/o | old age
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| retin/o | retina
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| scler/o | hard or sclera
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| vitre/o | glassy
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| -opia | condition of vision
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| aqueous humor | watery liquid secreted by the ciliary processes that fills the anterior and posterior chambers of the eye and provides nourishment for the cornea, iris, and lens
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| conjunctiva | mucous membrane that lines the eyelids and outer surface of the eyeball
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| cornea | transparent, anterior part of the eyeball covering the iris, pupil, and anterior chamber that functions to refract (bend) light to focus a visual image
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| eyelid | movable, protective fold that opens and closes, covering the eye
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| fovea centralis | pinpoint depression in the center of the macula lutea that is the site of sharpest vision
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| iris | colored circle; colored part of the eye located behind the cornea that contracts and dilates to regulate light passing through the pupil
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| lacrimal ducts | tubes that carry tears to the lacrimal sac
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| lens | transparent structure behind the pupil that bends and focuses light rays on the retina
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| macula lutea | central region of the retina; responsible for central vision; yellow pigment provides its color
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| nasolacrimal duct | passageway for tears from the lacrimal sac into the nose
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| optic disk | exit site of retinal nerve fibers as well as entrance point for retinal arteries and exit point for retinal veins
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| optic nerve | nerve responsible for carrying impulses for the sense of sight from the retina to the brain
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| chalazion | chronic nodular inflammation of a meibomian gland, usually the result of a blocked duct; commonly presents as a swelling on the upper or lower eyelid
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| cataract | opaque clouding of the lens causing decreased vision
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| blepharptosis | drooping of the eyelid; usually caused by paralysis
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| glaucoma |
glaw-kō′mă (Fig. 10-6, D) group of diseases of the eye characterized by increased intraocular pressure that results in damage to the optic nerve, producing defects in vision
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| hordeolum | sty; an acute infection of a sebaceous gland of the eyelid
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