PSYCH
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| Who developed the theory that considers communication as the social frame work for health care? | J. Ruesch
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| What type of process did Ruesch consider in which the messages traveled from within one person to another person and back again? | circular
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| What is the term for - 'unsuccessful interactions' | disturbed communications
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| When there is no opportunity for feedback what is this type of communication called? | disturbed
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| Who wrote 'Games People Play' | Eric Berne
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| Who used the term transactional analysis? | Eric Berne
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| What is transactional analysis? | the process of investigating what people say and do to each other
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| What is Berne's belief regarding 3 ego states? | Adult, child and parent
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| What do the 3 ego states of Berne make up? | personality
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| Whose work was the basis for neurolinguistic programming? | Milton Erickson
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| What are the 5 elements for communication? | message, sender, receiver, feedback and context
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| What are the 3 steps for communication? | perception, evaluation and transmission
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| What is another term for self talk? | intrapersonal communication
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| What is communication called when it is between two or more persons? | interpersonal communication
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| What are the 5 elements to communiction? | sender, message, receiver, feedback and context
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| What is level of relatedness? | the degree of intimacy authority and role status of the communication
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| What is in the 'context' of the message? | information being sent
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| What type of communication is occurring when there is a spoken word? | verbal communication
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| What elements does verbal communication include? | speaking, writing, the use of language and symbols
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| what is non verbal communication? | messages sent and received without the use of words
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| What are the 4 ways that messages are sent in the nonverbal level? | appearance, body motions, use of space and non language sounds
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| What refers to the rituals connected with greeting and departure ? | communication style
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| What is a linear communication style? | one that is direct to the point
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| What is a circular communication style? | one that is directed around the main point
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| What is acceptance communication style? | communication with favorable reception by implying
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| How do you communicate interest? | by expressing a desire to know another person
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| If you show consideration for another by communicating a willingness to work with the client what are you doing | showing respect
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| What are verbal and non verbal communications that encourage clients to communicate in a way that encourages growth called? | responding strategies or interaction skills
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| Messages that hinder effective communication are called ...? | non therapeutic communication
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| What are verbal messages that do not match the nonverbal communications called> | incongruent communications
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| What are communication acts of omission including? | failure to listen, probe, elicit descriptions, or explore the client's point of view
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| Definition: active process of receiving information and examining reaction | listening
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| Encouraging client to select topics for discussion | broad openings
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| Repeating main thought expressed by the client | restating
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| attempting to put into words vauge ideas of unclear thoughts of client | clarification
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| directing back client's ideas, feeling questions and content | reflection
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| discharge of energy through comic enjoyment | humor
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| skill of information giving | informing
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| asking the client to verify caregivers understanding of client's message | sharing perceptions
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| underlying client issues or problems that emerge repeatedly during caregiver client relationships | theme identifications
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| lack of verbal communicatino for therapeutic reason | silence
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| term fo the inability to speak | aphasia
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| term for impaired ability to read sometimes accompained by a mixing of letters or syllables in a word when speaking | dyslexia
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| What is rapid confused delivery of unrhythmic speech patterns | speech cluttering
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| How should you begin your interaction with the mentally ill when communicating? | by introducing yourself and explaining your purpose
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| What is one of the most important tools for communicating with mentall ill clients? | therapeutic listening
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| When assessing communicatino what should you first assess? | the client's ability to hear and speak
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| List nontherapeutic techniques for communication | failure to : listen, explore, probe ; eliciting vague descriptions, giving adequate answers, following standards too closely, parrotting, being judgmental, being defensive, giving reassurance, rejecting, using stereotyped words
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| What are the speech patterns associated with psychiatric patterns? | blocking, circumstantiality, echolalia, flight of ideas, mutism, neologism, perseveration, pressured speech, verbigeration, loose associations
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| How do you first establish trust in clients (what do you assess first?) | assess the client's ability to trust others
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| What is the second step in establishing trust? | be honest with them
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| What is the third focus in the establishment of trust? | clear communication
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| What is empathy? | the ability to walk a mile in another person's shoes
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| What is the term related to the concept of the ability to direct and control one's activities and destiny | autonomy
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| What concept relates to the process of sharing with another person | mutuality
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| What is the energy called that allows the caregivers to unconditionally accept all people even when they are most unlovable | caring
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| What concept involves the future | hope
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| What is defined by the confident yet uncertain expectation of achieving a future good | hope
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| Who described the 6 dimentions related to the concept of hope | Dufault and Martoccio
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| What are the 6 dimensions of hope? | affiliative, behavioral, cognitive, temporal, contextual and affective
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| If you receive what is being offered what are you said to be doing? | accepting
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| What is the ability to establish a meaningful connection with clients? | rapport
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| _________ implies that the nruse is open, hones, sincere, who is actively involved in the relationship | genuineness
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| The most therapeutic tool of any care provider is the_________ | self
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| What is the data gathering phase of therapeutic relationship called? | preparation
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| What phase of the therapeutic relationship does one become aquainted agree to work with each other? | orientation
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| what is the most importat step in the orientation phase? | to identify each other
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| in what phase of the relationship would you explain your role? | orientation
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| What is the focus of the working phase? | achieve the goals in the client cargiver agreement
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| What is referred to as the intervention designed to prevent clients from harming themselves or others? | limit setting
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| What is the phase that the goals of the therapeutic relationship are achieved? | termination
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| When should steps toward termination being? | before the last meeting
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| Who is the therapist among the following: CNA, nurse, social worker, psychiatrist | all
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| What are some environmental problems with regards to the physical environment? | lack of privacy, inappropriate meeting place, uncomfortable furniture, lighting and temperature
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| What are some problems with care providers with regards to therapeutic relationship? | attitude, setting helping boundaries and countertransferrence
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| What is the sign that the caregiver is becoming too involved? | when the need to "rescue" arrives
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| What is resistance? | attempts to avoid recognizing or exploring anxiety provoking material
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| What is primary resistance? | unwillingness to change even when they are aware of the need to change
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| What is secondary resistance? | when the client is motivated by drives other than the need to regain health
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| When emotions are placed upon one person from another this is____________ | transference
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| What is noncompliance? | not following the prescribed treatment regimen
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| what is the therapeutic milieu? | setting designed to hlep clients replace inappropriate behaviors with mroe effective personal and psychosocial needs
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| What are the 2 types of admission | voluntary and involuntary
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| What are the 3 uses of the inpatient setting? | for those experiencing crisis, for those with acute mental illness, and those with chronic mental illness
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| When is one said to be in 'crisis' | when their discomfort becomes greater than their need to solve their problems privately
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| What does the inpatient environment provide? | physical needs, safety , security
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| What is recidivism? | repeated inpatient admissions
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| For what 2 groups does recidivism seem to be problematic? | those with schizophrenia and those that use chemicals
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| What are the goals of a therapeutic environment? | provide protection, support and education
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| What are the 5 hierarchy needs according to Maslow? | physiological, safety and security, love and belonging, esteem needs, need for self-actualization
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| How is safety provided on the unit of inpatient setting? | objects that promote self harm are removed, identification codes
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| what is the intervention for poor perception of time? | clocks, calendars, schedules
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| ___________ means that caregivers acknowledge clients as human beings worthy of respect and dignity | acceptance
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| ___________is the need to achieve one's full potential | self actualization
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| What is the intervention for noncompliance related to lack of finances to pay for treatment | referral to social services
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| what is the intervention for noncompliance r/t physical side effects | refer to a physician , monitor clients response to meds
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| What is colic? | set of behaviors including severe crying in late afternoon
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| When does colic peak? | around 2-3 months
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| What are some problems with sleep ? | night terrors, problems falling asleep, nighttime awakenings
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| What is the most common expression of anger for children ages 1-4 years old | temper tantrums
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| What are temper tantrums a sign of ? | the child attempting to master their environment and them becoming frustrated when they are unable to achieve control
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| when a child is frustrated and begins to cry but no noise comes out and they turn blue and go limp what is this a sign of (if all medical problems are ruled out) | breath holding spell
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| What is the intervention for a breath holding spell? | ignore it , make sure child is safe and not actually choking
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| Approximately how many children are living in poverty in the nation? | 16% (16.3%)
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| How does emotional and psychological abuse erode a child's self esteem? | through rejection, criticism, isolation or terrorism
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| What parental characteristics influence the potential for abuse and neglect? | social isolation, teenage motherhood, difficulty controlling aggressive impulses
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| Environments filled with chronic stress may lead to____________ | child mistreatment
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| When is mental health assistance required with regards to child parent conflicts? | when the conflicts are contant and worsen over time
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| What is the vague uneasy feeling that occurs in resonse to a threat called? | anxiety
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| What is separation anxiety? | fear of being apart from ones parents
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| What is school avoidance and indicator of? | anxiety
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| What is the fear of being ridiculed or embarrassed at school indicative of? | social phobia
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| When older children or adolecents become depressed they manifest it by being what? | withdrawn
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| If a child has signs or symptoms of an illness but there is no traceable physical cause this is said to be what? | somatoform disorder
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| What is PTSD | post traumatic stress disorder
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| When does PTSD usually develop? | following an extremely traumatic event that involves injury or threat to the child
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| What are the 2 behavioral disorders in children that are most commonly encountered in children? | ADHD and conduct disordes
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| What is ADHD? | a cluster of behaviors relating to inattention and impulsive actions
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| What does the "immature child" display with ADHD? | silliness, distractibility, restlessness and clumsiness
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| Why does the ADHD child have problems with completing schoolwork? | because they are easily distracted
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| Children with ___________disorder are defiant of authority | conduct
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| Children with conduct disorder are classic of refusing to follow what? | society norms and violate rights of others
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| The oppositionally defiant have a recurring pattern of what? | disobedient , hostile behaviro towards authority figures
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| Children with eating disorders do what of 2 things? | do not eat enough or eat the wrong things
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| What is pica? | persistent eating of non food items for more than 1 month
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| How long does one have to have been eating non food items before the term Pica should be used? | 1 month
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| What is rumination disorder? | regurgitation of food for pleasure response
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| What is enuresis? | involuntary incontinence of a child 5 years or older
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| What is primary nocturnal enuresis? | wetting the bed at night
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| What is diurnal enuresis? | daytime wetting
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| What is secondary enuresis? | developed after a child has gained bladder control and is now incontinent
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| What is encopresis? | repeated usually voluntary passage of feces in inappropriate places
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| What must a child have to be considered retarded? | general intellectual and adaptive functioning
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| What are some things learning disorders affect in a child? | abilities of thinking, reading, writing, calculation, spelling, listening
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| Those who have problems with reading because they have difficulty integrating visual information are? | dyslexic
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| Problems with expression, receiving messages pronunciation and stuttering are all considered what? | communication disorders
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| Failing to use speech for his or her age group is what kind of disorder? | phonological
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| Speaking rapidly or slowly with strange rhythms is what disorder? | expresive language disorder
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| frequently repeated sounds is called when referring to communication disorders? | stuttering
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| What is a pervasive developmental disorder? | one that is severe enough to affect several areas of funcitoning
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| What is the disorder of communication, social interactionand behavior called? | autism
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| What is childhood disintegrative disorder | a period of severe regresion in many area following 2 years of normal development
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| _________ is a condition associated with disturbing thought patterns and a disorted reality | schizophrenia
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| What is the core disturbance with childhood schizophrenia? | lack of contact with reality, child's retreat into his own world
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| Caregivers are responsible for making sure the child gets what with regards to basic needs? | eats, sleeps, eliminates, and maintains personal cleanliness
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| What intellectual changes are in the adolescent? | learning to use abstract thinking
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| What is abstract thinking for the mid teen? | adaptable, flexible thinking that uses concepts, generalizations and problem solving
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| what is the most important function of a teen group? | to define differences between themselves and their parents
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| How do mid teens establish their identities? | by experimenting with dfferent images of themselves
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| How does spiritual development begin in teens? | with questioning family values and beliefs
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| What is introspection? | process of examining one's own thoughts, emotions, reactions, attitudes, opinions, values and behaviors by looking at the inner self
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| Problems that arise outside the teen are called | external problems
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| What kind of bonds do early teens form with certain groups? | intense bonds
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| Gangs are associated with what kind of behavior? | negative
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| What do peer groups focus on? | consturctive ways such as volunteering
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| An impairment in every day life is defined as? | dysfunction
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| What are the key features in ADHD? | inattention and impulsivity
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| Conduct disorders are characterized by what? | defiance of authority and aggressive behaviors towards others
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| When an adolescents ability to adapt is overwhelmed what may happen? | an anxiety disorder develops
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| Adolscents with mood disorders may display what? | depression to racing hyperactivity
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| What is mood | the ever present emotional state that colors ones perception of the world
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| How is depression characterized in the adolescent? | by irritable moods and acting out behaviors
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| Depressed teens do____________adults____________ | depressed teens act out , adults lose interest
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| ___________is the prolonged refusal to eat to keep body wt at a minimum | anorexia nervosa
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| Anorexia nervosa is characterized by what? | an intese fear of becoming fat and relentless pursuit of thinness
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| What is bulimia? | cycle of binge eating followed by purging
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| What follows a binge in the bulemic? | intense guilt or depression
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| If one physically and psychologically requires a drug they are ____________ | chemically dependent
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| Chemical dependency treatement with the adolescent focuses on what? | helping the teen replace the use of chemicals with more effective coping skills
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| What is a major characteristic of a personality disorder in a teen? | impulsivity
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| What is gender identity disorder? | one that the teen has a continual discomfort with ther assigned gender
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| A teen that has a loss of contact with reality is said to have a characteristic of what? | psychosis
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| What happens with the teen behavior when they are psychotic? | they become inappropriate, ritualistic, repetitive, disordered thougth patterns
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| A suicide attempt in a teen is a call for what? | help
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| Who is the highest risk for suicide in teens? | white adolescent males who express intention to die
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