Formation of life--dates
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| When did the earth form? | 4.6 bya
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| How old is the oldest fossil? | 3.5 bya
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| What was it of? | Prokaryotes (no nucleous, uni cellular)
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| When was the evidance of atmosphere? | 2.7 bya
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| Who was the atmosphere produced by? | Photosynthetic prokaryotes, the prokaryotes which evolved to bbe able to use Oxygen in aerobic respritation)
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| When did the 1st eukaryotes form? | 2.1-2.2 bya
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| How did eukaryotes arise? | Through endocynbiosis
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| endosymbionts vs. symbionts: | Living inside the other (host) vs live in close proximity and have some cological relationship
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| Serial Endosymbiotic Theory: | Series of steps that explain evolution of eukaryotes
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| What is the first step of the E Theory? | Infolding of plasma membrane, Nuclear envelope, and other internal membranes
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| Second step? | Engulfing aerobic prokaryotes-->mitochnondria
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| Thrid? | Engulfing photosynthetic prokaryotes-->Chloriplast
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| Evidance for endocymbiotic theory? | Size, method of dividing, nucleotide sequences, ribosome type, sesitive to antibiotics
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| When did multicellular organisms form? (Like animals) | 1.2-1.5 bya
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| What were the multi-cell organsimsm? | Colonies w/ some specialization which increases effieciency, 1st animals appear
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| When did the cambrian explosion happen? | 542-525 mya
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| Adaptive radiation: | Many new organisms evolve over time
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| Why did adaptive radiation occur? | Natural selection, oxygen allowed larger animals to survive, hox genes went wild
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| When did the colonization of land occur? | 500 mya
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| Permian mass extinction occured when? WHy? | 250 mya, volcanic explosions (Volcanic eruptions led to ahses cover sun)
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| Prosiminans: | Mostly noctoral, small species of monkeys
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| Important characteristics of arboreal life important in humans: | Limber shoulder joint, Dextreous hands, streoscopic vision, hand-eye coordination, extended parental care, single births
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| What does arboreal mean? | Tree living
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| How many moninid species? | 20, they are more closely related to humans than chimps
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| Mosiac evolution: | Differing rates of evolution for different features, example: walking upright earlier than jaw changes
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| Was more than one species present at a time? | Yes
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| First Bipedal hominids | 5 mya
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| Cretaceous Extinction: happened when? | Dinasaurs went extinct, due to meteor strike on earth, 65 mya
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| Bipedalism evolved: | 4.4 mya
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