Endocrine
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
|
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Osteo risk factors | Hx of fx as adult; Hx of fx in 1st degree relative; current SMK/EtOH; wt <127 lb. Low Ca/vit D
🗑
|
||||
| BMD values | T score: BMD >-1SD below YN = normal.
Severe osteoporosis = <-2.5
🗑
|
||||
| best predictor of fx risk | bone density (75-85% of variance in bone strength)
🗑
|
||||
| DEXA used for: | PA spine, lateral spine, hip, forearm, total body
🗑
|
||||
| Quantitative CT used for: | spine (trabecular only)
🗑
|
||||
| T-score: osteopenia | -1 to -2.5 SD below YN (young normal)
🗑
|
||||
| Skeletal response to continuously delivered PTH | inc osteoclasts, inc resorption, inc serum Ca
🗑
|
||||
| Skeletal response to once-daily delivered PTH | inc osteoblasts, inc bone formation, inc bone mass/ strength
🗑
|
||||
| Causes of secondary osteoporosis | Hypogonadism, Cushing, thyrotoxicosis, hyperPTH, immobilization, malignancy, multi myeloma, DM, liver dz, celiac, heparin, antiseizure Rx
🗑
|
||||
| Primary postmenopausal osteo: bone loss is | mostly trabecular (very sensitive to estrogen loss) -> vertebral compression fx & distal wrist fx
🗑
|
||||
| Primary senile osteo: characterized by | trabecular and cortical bone loss -> hip fx
🗑
|
||||
| Osteo mgmt | Ca citrate (0.7gm) or Ca CO3 (1-1.5gm elemental Ca). Vit D 800-2000IU/QD. Bisphosphonates. Teriparatide. Monitor BMD & height.
🗑
|
||||
| Difference between osteoporosis and osteomalacia | Osteoporosis: proportional bone mineral and matrix decrease. Osteomalacia: bone mineral decrease only
🗑
|
||||
| Osteomalacia patho | Decreased deposition of Ca & PO4 in bone matrix -> increased epiphysis width & cortical thinning.
🗑
|
||||
| Osteomalacia in kids = | rickets (before closing of epiphyseal growth plates)
🗑
|
||||
| Sx/sx of osteomalacia in kids | Delayed fontanelle closure, growth, & dentition. Rachitic rosary (enlarged costal cartilages), bow legs.
🗑
|
||||
| Sx/sx of osteomalacia in adults | Proximal muscle weakness. Hip pain & antalgic gait. Tetany, muscle wasting, hypotonia (2/2 low Ca). Fractures w/o trauma.
🗑
|
||||
| Osteomalacia tx | Vit D (50,000-100,000 U/week) and Ca. Monitor urinary Ca. Calcitriol if renal failure.
🗑
|
||||
| Renal osteodystrophy (osteitis fibrosa or osteomalacia) MOA | CKD: kidneys fail to eliminate PO4 and poorly synthesize calcitriol -> compensatory increase in PTH
🗑
|
||||
| Paget disease patho | Hereditary (AD) vs viral. Rapid formation & resorption of bone -> replaced by dense trabecular bone w/abnormal architecture w/areas of weakening -> fx and may compress nerves (CN VIII)
🗑
|
||||
| Dietary requirement of Ca: | 1000-1500 mg/day
🗑
|
Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Created by:
Abarnard
Popular Medical sets