Term definitions
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| capillary-to-fiber ratio | the number of capillaries per muscle fiber. This increases with exercise training
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| cardiorespiratory endurance | the capacity of the body to sustain prolonged exercise
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| cross-training | training regime with contains both cardio and resistance training or a regime which combines multiple types of sport-specific workouts
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| heart rate recovery period | the length of time, after an exercise bout, it takes for the heart to resume a resting pulse rate
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| nonresponders | the name given to individuals participating in a controlled experimental study who show no resulting improvement/changes
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| oxygen transport system | the name given to the cardiovascular and respiratory systems combined
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| responders | the name given to individuals participating in a controlled experimental study who show resulting improvement/changes
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| specificity of training | a exercise training technique which focuses on improvement of sport specific components which closely mimics the specific end athletic activity
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| arterial-venous oxygen difference (a-vO2 diff) | the measurement of the amount of oxygen extracted by the body from the blood as measured fully-oxygenated blood immediately entering the atrium artery versus the oxygen-depleted blood entering the right atrium
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| Body build | one of three form/structure characteristics of the body classified as muscularity, linearity or fatness
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| Body composition | chemical makeup of the body.
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| Body size | height and mass of the body
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| Chronic fatigue syndrome | measurable declined athletic performance lastly months to years usually associated with weight loss and poor diet
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| Densitometry | a technique for measuring the body’s density
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| Fat-free mass | the human body mass minus the fat mass
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| Fat mass | human bodies’ mass derived from fat
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| Hydrostatic weighing | – the process of measuring the body weight while submerged in water whose result can determine the body volume
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| Lean body mass | the term applied to the human bodies’ mass summed from the fat-free mass plus the addition of a predicted essential fat needed for survival
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| Relative body fat | the ratio of a bodies’ fat versus the bodies’ total mass.
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| Skin fold fat thickness | a low cost, field measurement method used to help estimate body density
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