Reproduction System Genetic Definitions
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Mendelian Traits | autosomal/dominant/recessive inheritance patterns
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Non-Mendelian Traits | Any other inheritance pattern
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Phenocopy | similar phenotype produced by some non-genetic causes
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Genocopy | similar phenotype produced by different genotypes
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Allelic Heterogeneity | similar phenotypes produced by different mutaiots at the same gene
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Polymorphism | multiple alleles for a gene in a population each with an allelic frequancy above 5%
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Locus Heterogeneity (polygenic traits) | similar phenotypes produced by mutations at different gene loci
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Multifactorial traits | characteristics controlled by multiple factors, both genetic and environmental
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polygenic traits | phenotypes determined by multiple genes
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Pleiotropy | for a single gene to control multiple traits
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codominance | different alleles for a gene that impart independent effects on phenotypes
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mitochondrial traits | determined by mitochondrial genes (maternal inheritance)
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anticipation | a mutant phenotype that increases in severity each generation due to trinucleotide repeat expansion
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epigenic imprinting | a mutant genotype with a different phenotype depending on context (for instance, the sex of the patient)
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X-linked recessive | a recessive allele carried by the X chromosome, mostly affecting males, never passed from father to son
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X-linked dominant | a dominant allele carried by the X chromosome, affecting females twice as often as males, never passed from fater to son
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Sex-influenced traits | genetic traits whose clinical manifestations or severity are influenced by the sex of the affected individual
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Sex-limited traits | traits restricted to one sex, although genotype can be present in either sex
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Created by:
tjamrose
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