Renal - final
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| What are the functions of urine | 1. Regulation of volume of blood 2. Regulation of blood electrolytes 3. Regulation of acid-based balance of blood Ph 4. Regulation of volume of electrolytes and Ph in tissue fluid
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| where is the kidney located | retroperitoneal
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| What is the membrane that covers the kidneys | renal fascia
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| Internal kidney of the kidneys have two layers of tissue and a cavity name the outer and inside layer, and cavity | Renal medula (inside)Renal cortex (outside) and Renal pelvis
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| what is the indentation where the renal artery and ureter exit what is it called | Hilus
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| What is another name for the renal capsule | Bowmen's Capsule
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| Inside the Bowmen's there are cells and liquid is formed, what is this area called, fluid that forms form blood | Renal filtrate
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| Collecting tubulal and Renal tubules unite and form what | Papillary duct
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| Papillary duct empties into the | Calyx of the renal pelvis
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| What are the three steps to form urine | 1. Glomerular filtration: occurs within the renal corpuscles 2. Tubular re-absorption: occurs within the renal tubules 3. Tubular secretion: occurs within renal tubules
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| What are the four re-absorptions | Active Transport; Passive Transport; Osmosis; Pinocytosis
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| 4 mechmanis that of the reformation of urine,with active transportation what cells use use what active to transport materials.What is active transport | ATP transports minerals from filtrate to blood
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| What is Passive transport what ions follow | negative ions. reabsorbed after positive ions to back to blood
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| What is reabsorbed during osmosis | water. is reabsorbed to blood after minerals
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| What is pinocytosis transfer to what part of the cell | cell membrane. proteins too large are absorbed by proximal convoluted tubule membranes of the cell
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| Between the layers of bowman's is | renal filtrate (fluid formed from blood) and will become urine
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| Fold in mucosa are | rugae
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| Ureter drains from kidney into the bladder by way of. smooth muscle that contract towards the ureter what are they called | peristalsis (smooth muscle)
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| Smooth muscle layer in the urinary bladder is | detrusor
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| What are the 3 hormone that influence the reabsorption of water | 1. Aldosterone2. Anti natriuretic (ANH)3. Antidiuretic (ADH)
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| What is aldosterone | high bld potassium, low bld sodium, low blood pressure
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| What is antinatriuretic ANH | aterial walls stretching by high blood pressure and high blood volume
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| what is antidiuretic ADH | low body water volume
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| Waht is the structure that carries urine form bladder to outside the body | urethra, allows urine to flow
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| Urination is also know as | voiding
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| Yellow color of urine is called | urochrome
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| What are the characteristics of urine | Color, Amount, Gravity, Ph, Constitutents, Nitrogen waste
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| The evaluation of urine is called, when someone comes in with urinary symptoms do a | urinalysis
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| What does the normal urinalysis demonstrate | proper: filtration, waste elimination, absorption, fluid electrolyte balance
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| What is the procedure called to look into the bladder, and what instrument do you use | cystoscopy, cystoscope
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| acute glomerulonephritis: | inflammation, and swelling of the glomeruli
acute: sudden onset usually after strep infection
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| chronic glomerulonephritis | inflammation, and swelling of the glomeruli
chornic slowly progressive nonifectious disease can lead to permanent renal damage
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| nephrotic syndrome (nephrosis) | DISEASE OF THE BASEMENT MEMBRANES OF THE GLOMERULUS. SECONDARY TO MANY RENAL disease
increased permeabilti of the glomerulus
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| acute renal failure | sudden and severe reduction in reanl function considered emergency since nitrogen waste build up fast in the blood
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| chronic renalfailure | gradual and pregressive loss of nephrons with irrevrsibel loss of renal function and gradual onset of uremia
numerous causes pyelonephritis, infection, polycystic disease
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| acute pyelonephritis | acute inflammation of renal pelvis and connective tissue of one or both kidneys
usually bacteria
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| hydronephritis | abnormaldilation of the renal pelvis caused by urine pressure
an obstruction prevents the normal flow of urine to the ureter. the obstruction can be stones, tumors, inflammation
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| renal calculi | stones, formed by the concentration of various mineral salts in the kidney or another part of the urinary tract
excessive amt of calciumor uric acid, hereditary factor, dehydration, supersaturated crytalline
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| diabetic nephropathy | renal changes as result of diabetes melitus called glomerulosclerosis
complicationof diabetes mellitus; lesions caused by the filtration rate to decrease
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| stress incontinence | uncontrollable leakage of small amounts of urine from the urinary bladder during exertion or stress action.
weaking of thepelvic floor muscles and urethral strictures
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