Chapter 10 Physical Science Vocabulary
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| Unit for resistance | ohms
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| unit for current | amps
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| unit for power | watts
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| What law states that like charges repel and unlike charges attract | Law of Charges
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| What is located in the nucleus of an atom | protons and neutrons
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| What orbits nucleus of an atom | electrons
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| An electron has a ___ charge? | negative
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| A proton has a ___ charge? | positive
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| The outermost electrons are called ___ electrons. | valence
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| Normally objects have an __ number of protons and electrons. | equal
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| Electrons can be removed through ___. | friction
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| If an object ____ electrons it will have a negative charge. | gains
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| If an object ____ electrons it will have a positive charge. | loses
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| Net charge is measured in ___. | Coulombs
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| The charge carried by 6.24 * 10^18 protons or electrons is called a _____. | coulomb
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| Electrical ____ like metals do not easily store charges. | conductors
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| Electrostatic force is a ____ force. | field
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| In diagrams field strength is represented by the ____ between the lines of force. | distance
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| The closer the lines of force in a diagram the ___ the force. | stronger
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| The creation of a charged region on a neutral object when exposed to a nearby electrical charge is called ___. | electrical induction
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| Charges can be detected with an instrument called an ___. | electroscope
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| ___ ____ offer little resistance to electron motion. | electrical conductors
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| ___ ___ do not allow electrons to move easily. | electrical insulators
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| ____ allow limited electron flow or conduct only under certain conditions. | semiconductors
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| _____ help balance out a charge difference when one object transfers electrons to another. | discharges
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| An old device invented to store charges. It has a metal coating on the inside and outside of the jar with glass between it. | Leyden Jar
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| Electrical charges are ___ ____ because an object has only a limited number of excess electrons. | short lived
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| Electricity that involves continuously moving charges is called ___. | electrical current
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| Electrons flow from a point of ___ electrical potential energy in a conductor to a lower potential. | higher
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| Conventional current of positive charges is in the ___ direction from the electron flow. | opposite
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| If electrons are flowing from left to right ____ ____ flows from right to left. | conventional current
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| Electrons flow from the negative end to the __ end. | positive
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| ___ current is current that flows in one direction. | direct
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| An ___ ___ is a complete path from a source of electrons through a conductor and back to an electron sink. | electric current
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| An ___ ___ converts electricity to some other form of energy. | electrical load
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| A ___ allows you to open and close the circuit by opening or closing a gap in the current path. | switch
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| Electrons are tiny bits of ___. | matter
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| Electrons can be supplied by a ____ ____. | chemical reaction
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| When the chemical reactions in a battery can no longer occur the battery is ___. | dead
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| Batteries that use solid or paste-like chemicals are called ____ ___. | dry cells
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| Batteries that use metals and acidic liquid solutions are called ___ ___. | wet cells
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| Wet cells can be _____. | recharged
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| Recharging wet cells requires ____ the reactions in the cells. | reversing
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| ____ are machines that use energy to move electrons through conductors. | generators
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| Generators are basically coils of wire rotated in a magnetic field by some form of ___ ____. | prime mover
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| An example of a prime mover is a | turbine powered by steam
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| The advantage of a generator is that the charges can be used ____. | again
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| A ____ ___ uses light to give enough energy to an electron to allow it to jump from its atom to do work. | photovoltaic cell
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| The measure of potential difference is called | voltage
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| 1 ____ = 1 joule/ 1 coulomb | volt
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| Batteries are rated by the __ __ between their positive and negative connections or poles. | potential differences
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| The voltage determines the ____ the battery supplies. | energy
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| 1C/1s | 1A
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| A ____ can change the voltage within portions of a circuit. | resistor
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| Because all electrical devices have some resistance, charges always __ __ as they pass through a circuit. | lose energy
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| Direct current is ___ proportional to voltage. | directly
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| Direct current is ___ proportional to resistance. | inversely
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| Power measures how ___ work is done. | fast
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