Cricks Ch 14 Blood
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| List thr 5 things transported by the blood | oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, wastes, hormones
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| What 3 things are reguilated by the blood | pH, body temperature, water content of cells
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| What is the normal temperature of the blood? | 100.4
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| What is the normal pH range of the blood? | 7.35-7.45
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| Hopw much of blood is plasma compared to formed elements? | 55% PLASMA, 45% FORMED ELEMENTS
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| What are the 3 formed elements in blood? | Red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets
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| What is plasma made of? | water (91.5%) and 8.5 solutes
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| What are the solutes in plasma? | proteins, nutrients, hormones, respiratory gases, electrolytes, waste products.
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| What is hemopoesis? | The creation of blood cells
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| Where does hemopoesis take place? | Red bone marrow
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| What do red blood cells lack that most cells have? | nucleus
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| What do red blood cells carry that most other cells dont? | Oxygen atoms
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| How long does a red blood cell live? | 120 days on average
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| What happens to red blood cells when they expire? | Macrophages consume them, hemoglobin is recycled
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| What is the name given to the process of creating new red blood cells? | erythropoesis
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| What stimulates erytheropoesis? | low blood oxygen is sensed byu the kidneys
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| What is a reticulocyte count? | A measurement of erythropoesis
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| What are granular and agranular leukocytes? | Types of white blood cells
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| What is the primary role of WBCs? | Fighting infection
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| How long do white blood cells live? | Hours to days
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| What is the major role of a blood platelet? | top stop bleeding by clotting
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| What is hemostasis? | The stoppage of hemorrhage
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| What is hemorrhage? | bleeding
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| What are the 3 ways that the body stops bleeding? | 1) vascular spasm, 2) platelet plug formation, 3) fiber formation
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| What is vascular spasm? | A vessel (artery or vein) constricts in diamdeter, lets less blood through
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| When plateles stick together to stop bleeding, what is the structure called? | Platelet plug
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| What is a clot made out of? | Protein fibers (they form out of the plasma) and formed elements of blood that get trapped in the fibers (they form a net like structure)
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| What is fibrinolysis? | Dissolving of a blood clot
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| What do anticoagulants (Heparin is a medicine example) do? | prevent clotting
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| If a clot forms in unbroken blood vessel, what is it called? | Thrombus
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| If a red blood cells has A antigens on it, then what kind of antibodies are in the plasma? | B antibodies, so B blood infusions would trigger an allergic reaction
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| AB blood has A and B andigens on the red blood cells, anb A and B antibodies in the blood. What blood type can this person get? | Type O\
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| What does Rh+ mean? | the person has rhesus antigens on their RBCs
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| If a person is Rh- can they get Rh+ blood? | One time, they they build up immunity to it.
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