Nose, Perioral Region, Oral Cavity and Neck
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In a Nose exam what 5 things are assessed? | Size relative to face, Symmetry/position, Growth in three dimensions, Firmness, and objective measures
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Deformations of the Nose caused by? | Oligohydramnios, Multiples, Uterine abnormalities, Fetal positioning.
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Disruptions of the Nose caused by? | Amniotic bands
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Dysplasias of the Nose can cause? | Coarsening - Dyggve-Melchior-Clausen syndrome
Flat/low nasal bridge - achondroplasia
Prominent nose - Seckel syndrome
Short nose/ anteverted nares - Stickler
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Malformations of the Nose? | Holoprosencephaly - Incomplete division of the forebrain into hemisphers.
Frontonasal dysplasia - defect in midface development.
Nasal pit, Anterior encephalocele, Choanal atresia/stenosis
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Hallerman-Streiff syndrome features | thin, small pointed nose.
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Robinow syndrome features | fetal face, short nose anteverted nares
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A VCFS 22q11.2 nose? | Columnar nose (narrow nose, squared nasal root)
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Trichorhinophalangeal syndrome | "pear-shaped" nose. Hair Nose Fingers.
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Rubenstein-Taybi features | prominent nose, short columella, deviated septum
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Binder syndrome features | Hypoplastic nose, coanal atresia
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Perioral Region exam, 4 things examined? | Size, symmetry, contour, and Lateral Inspection.
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Retrognathia | Overbite
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Prognathia | Jutting Mandible
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Mandibular Hypoplasia | Small mandibular development. Most Common abnormality. Deformational or Malformational
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Disruptions of the Perioral region | Amniotic bands
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Dysplasias of the Perioral Region | Prominent lips, Angiofibromas, Macrognathia
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Malformations of the Perioral Region | Cleft Lip, Median cleft, Truemacrostomia, Micrognathia, Lower Lip pits.
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Oral Cavity examination looks for what 5 things | Anatomy, Teeth, Palate shape, Tongue size, Palate movement/submucosal cleft
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Disruptions of the Oral Cavity | Amniotic Bands
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Deformations of the Oral Cavity | Persistence of the secondary alveolar ridge, U-shaped palate
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Dysplasias of the Oral Cavity | Pigmented macules, Enamel hypoplasia, Oligo/anodontia, V-shaped palate.
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Malformations of the Oral Cavity | Microglossia, Macroglossia, Asymmetry of tongue, Lobulated tongue, Cleft palate, Bifid uvula, submucosal cleft palate.
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Cricoid Cartilage | Adam's Apple
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Which 3 arches give rise to the development of the neck. | 2nd, 3rd, 4th.
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Atlas, Axis and occipital condyles? | Fit together to have a place for the skull to sit.
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What are the 3 landmarks of the neck | Thyroid cartilage, suprasternal notch, clavicle
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What syndrome has axial and atlas insufficiency? | Down syndrome.
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4 examination techniques of the Neck | Inspection/obervation, Neck motility, Palpation, Auscultation
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Deformations of the neck | Redundant neck skin, Torticollis, Lateral Neck webbing.
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2 syndromes with neck webbing? | Noonan and Turners
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Disruptions of the neck | Amniotic bands and umbilical cord.
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Dysplasias of the neck | Thyroid enlargement, Absence of thyroid, Hypoplasia/aplasia of the thymus and parathyroid glands.
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Name the 1 syndrome we talked about in regard to the dysplasia of the neck | DiGeorge syndrome - Failure of tissue differentiation in the 3rd and 4th pharyngeal pouch
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Malformations of the neck | Short neck, neck pterygia (Escobar), Branchial arch remnants, Thyroglossal duct cysts or sinus.
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