Chapter 6
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| The integumentary system compose of | skin, nails, hair, sweat and oil glands
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| functions of the integumentary system are to | protect the body, eliminate wastes through the sweat gland, regulate temp., produce vitamin D
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| epidermis | outer layer of skin (skin you see)
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| dermis | the second layer of skin, made up of new cells that replace discarded cells from the epidermis
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| What is under the dermis? | fatty tissue
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| benefits of fat | body's insulator, and add padding to the body
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| What happens when blood vessel dilate (become larger) | the body temp. is reduced
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| What happens if blood vessel becomes smaller? | body temp. increase
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| appendages | attachments of the skin
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| podiatrist | foot specialist
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| erythema | redness of the skin can mean increased body temperature, prolonged pressure, infection or injury
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| cyanosis | blue/gra color of the skin, lips, and nailbeds, indicating lack of oxygen
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| eschar | a black or scablike skin area.
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| pale or white color of skin can mean | circulatory problems related to shock
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| pressure ulcers (decubitus ulcers or bed sores) | an inflammation, sore, or culer in the skin.
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| How does pressure ulcer develop? | pressure on an area of skin prevents the flow of blood, resulting in dead tissue that comes off and leaving an open sore.
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| Areas most likely to break down are | back of the head, rim of the ears, shoulder blades, spine, shoulders, elbow, hip, kneeds, ankles, heels and toes
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| shearing | when skin moves one way whil the bone and tissue under the skin moves another way
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| anemia | not enough red blood cells
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| stages of developing pressure uclers | 1. sking becomes redden - tender and warm to touch. 2 development of a blister - breaks open leaving an ulcer 3. eschar can cover the sore - prevents healing and must be remove with sugery or medication
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| debridgement | removal of dead or unhealthy tissue
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| Ways to prevent pressure ulcers | keep the skin clean and dry, provide lotion and gentle massage, protect the skin from scratching, rubbing, etc.
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| When should a resident position be changed? | at least every 2 hours. Resident require frequent position changes
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| partial bath | bathing only parts of the body, include face, underarms, hands, and perineal area.
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| perineal area | area (female) between the vagina and anus (male) area between scrotum and anus)
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| always dress the affect side () and undress it () | first, last
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| heat is used to | speed up the healing process, decrease swelling, or to relieve pain
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| When heat is applied to the skin, the blood vessel | dilate (open)
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| cold is used to | preven swelling, control bleeding, relieve pain, or lower body temp.
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| When cold is applied, the blood vessel | contract (narrow)
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| moist application includes | soaks (warm or cold), compress (warm or cold), tub, alcohol sponge bath, sithz bath, cool wet packs
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| dry applications include | ice pack and ice collar, warm water bottle, heat lamp, aquamatic K-pad
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| moist application | water touches the skin
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| dry application | water does not touch the skin
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