Stack #33803
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| Herniation of intracrainal contects | Encephalocele
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| Only herination of meniges | meningocele
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| Herination of Meninges and brain | memingoencephalocele
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| Meninges,brain,and venticular | meningohydroencephalocele
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| Defect in posterior neuropore | myeloschisis
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| Myeloschisis always results in | Spina Bifida
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| Spina Bifida | failure of vertebral arches to form and cover spinal cord
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| Spina pinda bifida occulta | skin closed over it--unseen
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| Spinda Bifida aperta | skin not closed over it
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| As with occipilta encephoceles, | a cystic mass may accompany spina bifida
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| Caudal eminence | a cell mass cadual to neural tube, and enlarfes and cavites
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| Cudal eminence corresponds to | Secondary neurulation
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| What Secondary Neurlation process joins neural tube | caudal eminence
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| Defect of Secondary Neurulation | Myelodysplasia
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| Myelodysplasia chacteristics | usually covered with skin, and marked with unusal pigmentation, hair, telangiectases or dimple
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| Tethered cord syndrome | where the conus medullaris and filum terminale are fixed to vertebral column
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| Tethered cord syndrome causes | loss of sensation from the legs adn feets and problems with bladder control
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| 3 Primary Brain Vesicles | 1 Prosencephalon 2 Mescencephalon 3. Rhombencephalon
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| Where cervial flexure is | Rhombencephalon-Spinal cord region
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| Cephalic flexure | 2nd bend in neural tube @ mesencephalon
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| Secondary Brain vesicles | 5th---3 primarys dived into 5, and 2 more flexures
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| Secondary Brain vesicles | 1. Pontine Fleuxure, and 2. Telencephalic flexure
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| Main structure of forebrain develop | 2nd month of gestation
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| Why abnormalitis of forebrain associate with facial defects | mesoderm during 2nd month forming facial features
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| Central induction | process of froebrain development
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| End of 5th week Telencephalon gives rise to | 2 lateral expansion called Telencephalic vesicles
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| Diencephalon develops into | Thalamic nuclei AND optic cup
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| Prosencephalization | where prosencephalon develops into diencephalic and telencephalic vesicles
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| Holoprosencaphly | failure of prosencephalon to undergo cleavage
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| Alobar holoprosencephaly results in | no lobes develop, most severe large single forebrain ventricles, thalamus poorly developed, and many structures are missing
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| Hyprotelorism | close set eyes
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| Cyclops | only sinlge midline eye
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| End of 1st trimester spinal cord is | fully formed
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| Ancencephaly results in | the brain not forming, skull may be absent, and facial abnormalities
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| Types of Defects of Primary Neulation | encephalocele, myleoschisis
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| Telangiectases | large superficial cappillaries
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| Anterior neuropores closes | 4th week
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| Pontine flexure divides | divides MESO-into Myelencephalon, and metencephalon (rostral)
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| After pontine flexure what does not divide further | Mescencephalon
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| Telencephalic flexure divides the | Proencep--into diencephalon, and telencephalon (rostal)
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| Telencephalon expands into | complex lobes, and b/c largest part of brain
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| The Telencephalic VESICLE are adult derivatives of | cerbral cortex, internal capsule, ofactory bulb and tract, postions of balsal ganglia, and the amygdala, and hippocampus
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| Optic cup forms | optic nerve and retina
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| Week 10-- | major structures of CNS are recognizable
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| Immature versions of all strcutres are present by | end of 1st trimester
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| Most infants born with holoprosencephaly also have | facial abnormalities
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| Semilobar holoprosencephaly | some separtion of forebrain into 2 lobes, and partial develop of falx cerebri
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| Disease that has rudimetary but enlarged lateral and 3rd ventricles | semilobar holoprosencephaly
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| Telencephalic vesicle is AKA | cerebral hemisphers
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| The diencephalon and cerebral hemispheres forms @ | end of week 5
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