Heart #4
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| autorhythmic cells | specialized to produce & distribute impulses thru the heart
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| sinoatrial SA node-pacemaker | initiates each cardiac cycle
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| atrioventricular AV node | reccieves energy from SA node
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| AV bundle of his is a | tract of conducting fibers that runs thru...
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| R & L bundle branches split | from AV bundle and travel...
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| Purkinje fibers emerge from | L & R bundles and pass into cells of myocardium
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| cardiac centers are located | in the medulla oblongata
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| autonomic ervous sys acts as both an: | accelerator as well as a braking sys; modifies but does not directly control
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| sympathetic branch of the ANS: | increases rate and force of heartbeat during stress; called the Accelerator
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| parasympathetic branch of ANS: | slows H when stress ends; Includes chemicals and ions. Called Brakes
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| Cardiac Cycle: | all events associated with the flow of blood thru H during 1 complete heartbeat
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| Systole | Contraction
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| Diastole | Relaxation
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| 1 compleat heartbeat = | cardiac cycle
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| blood flow thru heart is totally controlled by | pressure changes
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| blood flows along a pressure gradient from: | higher to lower pressure thru any available opening
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| During atrial diastole | the atria fill w/blodor
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| During atrial systole the artia | contract & ventricles begin to fill
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| Ventricular systole forces blood: | out into the aorta and pulmonary arteries
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| Cardia Output = | CO
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| CO | amt B pumped out by each ventricle in one minute
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| CO is the product of: | heart rate (HR) & stroke volumn (SV)
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| HR | heart rate
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| SR | stroke volumn
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| HR X SV = | CO
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| stroke volumn (SV) is | volumn of B pumped out by a ventricle w/each beat
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| SV is correlated to the force: | of the ventricular contraction
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| main factor controlling SV is: | preload (degree of stretch of cardiac muscles just prior to contraction)
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| Frank Sterling Law | refers to main factor controlling SV
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| normal vol of B is 5 liters and it goes thru H in | 1 minute
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Created by:
Jean and Study Pals