Neuro sucks
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| CNS consists of | Brain and Spinal cord
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| PNS | Nerves that connect the Brain and Spinal cord with the peropheral structures of the body
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| In PNS Sensory fibers enter | the dorsal root (posteior)
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| PNS motor fibers exit | the ventral root anterior
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| Spinal Nerve | joining of sensory and motor "mixed root"
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| Cranial Nerves are compo sed of | sensory and motor fibers
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| Visceromotor part of | CNS and PNS
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| VIsceromotor AKA | Autonomic
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| Autonomic regulates | motor responses the body cannot consciously control
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| Autonomic consits of | nerous that innervate smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glandular epithelium (cells of endocrine glands)
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| Nervous tissue is distributed | thoughtout most tissues of the body
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| All nevous tissue shares a common histology | 1. neurons 2. Glial Cell
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| Glial Cells | specialized non-neuronal supporting cells of CNS
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| Nuerons | specialized to receive info transmit electrical impules, and influence other nuerons and target tissue
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| Structure of Neurons | Cell body, Dendrites, and Axon
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| Cell body | gray matter of CNS
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| Dendites | finger-like projections that carry info to the cell body
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| Axon | carry electrical impules away from cell body-white matter of CNS,
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| Spinal Cord location | vertebral canal
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| Spinal cord rostrally continous with | medualla oblongata
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| Spinal Cord link between | PNS and brain
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| Spinal cords conveys, and carries | conveys sensory info from body wall, extemities, and gut-carries motor impules to these areas
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| Spinal cord impules enter and exit ?? pairs of spinal nerves | 31 pairs
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| Spinal cord contains | sensory, motor, ascending, and desending, and tracks
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| Ascending pathways of spinal cord | carry sensory info to higher centers
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| Spinal cord descending pathways effect | activity of neurons in spinal cord gray matter (cell body)
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| Spinal cord continous with meduall at | foramen magnum
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| Meddual is the most_____part of the brain | caudal
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| Medulla consists of | Neruons, acending and desending tracts,
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| Ascending tracts of Medulla | involved in carrying sensory inffor
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| medulla and desending tracts involved in | motor functions
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| Some of medualls neuronal bodies organized into | nuclei, gangli, cluster
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| Medualls contains Cranial Nerves | Portions of TVS-trgeminal, vestibulocochlear, and spinal accessory, and (VHG) Vagus, hypoglossal,and glossopharyngeal
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| Medulla regulates | heart rate, respiration, and various visceral functions
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| Similartity of Pons and Cerebellum | Embryonically orginate from same neuronal tube
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| In mature adult Pons forms | Brainstem
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| In Mature adult Cerebellum is located | Suprasegemental to structure, and posterior to brainstem
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| Pon contains crainal nerves | TV FA-Portrions-Trigemial and vestibulocochlear
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| Pons transvered with | ascending and desending tracts
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| Anterior region of Pons contains | large populations of nuerons (pontine nuclei that form a relay between the cerebral cortex, and ceerebellum and dsecending motor fibers
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| Cerebellum fuctions | major part of Motor system-coodrinates activity of individual muscle groups to produce smooth, purposeful, synergistic movements
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| Midbrain is link between | forebrain and brainstem
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| Acending and descending pathways to from the forbrain must past though | midbrain
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| Midbrain CN | OTT occulomotor, trochlear, and trigeminal
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| Midbrain fuctions | Visual and Auditory reflexes, motor function, and transmision of pain, and viseral functions
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| Forbrain is composed of | cerebral hemispheres and basal nuclei and thalmus
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| Thalmus composed of serveral regions | Hypothalmus, sub, Epi, and Dorsal
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| Thalamus is____to midbrain | rostral
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| Thalmus is surronded by | cerbral hemisphere
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| Tthalamus can only be seen | brain cut in cronal or axial planes
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| What passes thought thalmus | all sensory info that reaches cerbral cortex, except olfaction, pass thru thalmus
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| Thalmus functions | receives sensory info(temp, pain, vision) and sends to specific regions to be decocded
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| What receives imput from pathways relating info regarding postion sense, and tendon tension- | Thalmus reievie imput, and sends this info to cerebral cotex to allow for smooth purpose ful movements
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| Hypothalmus size and function | small, but functions in sexual behavior, feeding, hormonal secretions of pituitarty, body temp regulation, and visceromotor functions
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| Largest and most obvious parts of brain | Cerebral hemispheres-2
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| Cerebral Hemisperes composed of 3 | Cerebral cortex, Subcortical white matter, and Basal nuclei
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| Cerebral cortex composed of | layer of neural cell bodies
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| Subcortical white matter co mposed of | myelinated axons that carry info to/from
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| Basal nuclei composed of | nerouonal cells bodies invloved in motor function
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| Functional system | set of neurons linked together-pathways-cover more than one region
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| Regions | atatomics parts of CNS-structures
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| Sinals that influcence hand movements orginal in | Cerbral cortex
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| Injury to midbrain cause | motor problems in hand and parial paralysis of eye
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| Brain injury that results in only upper extemity means | the lesion is only of one side of the brain or brainstem
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| Partail paralysis of upper extremity coupled with problems with eye movement means | lesion in midbrain
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| What are best located in lesions | cranial lesions
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| Deficits on same side of head and body mean lesions are | lesions in cerebral hemisphere
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| Deficits on 1 side of head, and opposite on body indicate lesion in | lesion in brainstem=crossed deficts
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| Deficits of only the body indicate | lesion in spinal cory
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| Afferent fibers | conduction toward a structure--incoming info
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| Efferent fibers | conduction away from a structure-outgoing info
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| posterior= | dorsal
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| anterior | ventral
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| medial | toward the midline
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| lateral | away from the midle
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| rostral | towards the nose
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| caudal | toward the tail
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| Largest most organized part of white matter | Internal Capsule
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