Vitamins for Endocrinology
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| B5 | Pantothenic acid | Precursor for Coenzyme A | No known isolated deficiencies | None known
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| Lipoic acid | Required for Krebs cycle enzymes | No known isolated deficiencies | None known
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| Biotin | Carboxylation reactions | Depression, fatigue, muscle pain | Used to Tx carboxylase deficiences
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| B6 | Pyridoxine, Pyridoxal, Pyridoxamine | Precursor for pyridoxal phosphate (PLP) - cofactor for > 60 rxns, esp AA metabolism | Rare; usually pharmacologically induced --> Sz | CONVULSIONS
+ contraindicated in pregs --> decrease lactation
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| Folic acid | Converted to THF --> 1C transfer reactions | Megaloblastic anemia | Prevents neural tube defects
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| B12 | Cobalamin | Reforms THF from enzymatic byproduct, degrades odd chain linked FAs | Pernicious anemia (anemia + CNS disturbance); homocystinuria |
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| C | Ascorbic acid | Powerful reducing agent + antioxidant; a few hydroxylation Rxns | Scurvy! | None known
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| B1 | Thiamin | Cofactor for various dehydrogenase enzymes in TCA cycle + pentose phosphate pathway | Beriberi Wernicke's Korsakoff's | Mosquito repellant
Rapidly eliminated
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| B2 | Riboflavin | Component of FAD + FMN --> electron transport, FA + AA oxidation, FA synthesis | No known isolated deficiencies | Fluorescent urine
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| B3 | Niacin | Precursor for NAD+ and NADP+ --> cofactors for reductase + dehydrogenase enzymes | Pellagra | Lowers LDL
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