APUS HISTORY
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| 3/5th Compromise | every slave counted as 3/5 of a vote.
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| Sam Adams | signed the declaration of independence, leader of the fight against British Colonial rule
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| American System | They needed roads and money to build the roads which reulted in tariffs and then the m oney goes to the B.U.S. HENRY CLAY
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| Anti Federalist | people who oppose the ratification of the U.S. Constitution. Also thought that the central gov needed more power.
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| Articles of Confederation | Document that was the constisturion for the new nation. Adopted by congress in 1777
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| Battle of NO | it was fought after the war of 1812 ended. Under the presidency of Andrew Jackson.
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| Battle of Quebec | 1759 during the French and Indian WAR. Fight for Quebec and the St. Lawrence River.
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| Battle of Saratoga | Britain retreated from American troops at Saratoga. It revived the faltering colonial cause.
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| Battle of Yorktown | A battle on land and water that the French helped win. A decisive battle in the revolution.
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| North West Ordinance | A judicious compromise of how territory could become a state: 5,000 people vote, territory could not become less than 3 states nor more than 5,600,000 free inhabitants should live in each state, and it should be admitted and treated equally in the congres
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| Orders in Council | Closed the parts under French continental control to foreign shipping, including American, unless the vessels first stopped at a British port.
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| Patriot | American rebels (whigs) who fought loyalists (tories) in the war of independence.
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| Proclamation of 1763 | Prohibited settlement in the area beyond the Appalachian mountains
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| Quartering Act (1765) | required certain colonies to provide good and shelter for British troops
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| Paul Revere | Painted picture of the Boston Massacre creating propaganda against the British. ("the British are coming")
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| Scalawags | Southerners, ofter former unionists and Whigs, who were former slaves holding office.
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| Sons of Liberty | They enforced the no importation agreements against violaters, often with tar and feathers. (no importation agreements- against British goods)
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| Specie Circular | a decree that required all publlic lands to be purchased with "hard" or metallic money. (authorized by Jackson)
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| Spois System | Rewarding political supporters with public office.
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| Harriet Beecher Stowe | Helped organize an 18 day debate on slavery. Also, published "Uncle Tom's Cabin" which helped start and win the Civil War.
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| Uncle Toms Cabin | A novel written by Harriet Beecher Stowe that showed people the true evils of slavery- helped start and win the Civil War.
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| Tariff of 1816 | The first tariff in American history instituted pprimarily for protection, not revenue.
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| Tariff of Abominations | (Black Tariff) A rigged up bill more concerned with manufacturing a president that with protecting manufacturers, pushed about 45% on ceerain manufactured items as well as imposing a heavy tariff on certain raw materials, notably wool(hurtAdams boostjack)
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| The Federalist | A series of articles written in the NY newspapers as Propaganda towrads the constitution (Alexander Hamilton, John Jay, and James Madison)
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| Treaty of Ghent | signed on Christmas Eve in 1814. Britain and US agreed to stop fighting and to give back conquered land.
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| Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo | (Feb 2, 1848) officially ended the war with Mexico. It confired the American title to Texas and yielded the enorrmous area stretching westward to Oregon and the ocean and embracing coveted CA.
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| Treaty of Paris, 1783 | British formally recognized the independence of the U.S. They granted generous bounaries, Mississippi (west) to the Great Lakes (north) to Spanish Florida (south).
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| John Tyler | "Tippecanoe and Tyler Too". He was a VA gentlemen of the old school- kind, gracious yet stubbornly attached to principle. Became president after Harrison died only serving for 4 weeks.
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| Virual Represntation | Idea that every member of parliament represents every British citizen. This stripped colonists from a say in their government.
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| Whigs | (patriots) American rebels who fought in the war of independence. Unloyal to their king.
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| George Washinton | 1st President, leader in the American Revolution, delegate at the continental convention, neutral to countries. wrote textbooks and a dictionary that let to the standardization o93)
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| Noah Webster | Found the American language
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| Virginia and K entucky Resolutions | A brilliant formulation of the extreme states rights view regarding the union. Basically campaign documents designed to crystallized opposition to the Federalist party.
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| Whiskey Rebellion | Due to high tax on whiskey taxed because of economic necessity and not as a burden
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| Webster-Ash Burton Treaty | Maine boundary split the difference arrangement, the Americans 7,000 sp miles and British 5,000 sq miles.
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| John Peter Zenger | Accused of libel, taken into court and argued he printed the truth. Later led to freedom of press.
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| Spot Resolutions | Abraham Lincoln asked in what part of america the man was killed in. Lincoln didn't want to start the Mexican American war for no reason.
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| Alamo | where the biggest war for texas was fought.
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| Alien and sedition Acts | increased the time period it takes for aliens to become citizens and also stops the smack talking of the government
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| B.U.S | Bank of The U.S (Biddle)
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| Battle of Fallen Timbers | last battle for onto river valley
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| Nicholas Biddle | President of B.U.S fights to keep B.U.S against jackson
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| Bill of Rights | 1st 10 amendments garunting individual
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| Indentured servants | servants that were hired for a period of time usually 7 years and then were supposed to be set free
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| Interchangeable Parts | parts that could be used for numerous machines. INVENTOR: Eli Whitney
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| Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo | Treaty that brought utah territory to America in the 1848 from Mexico
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| Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions | The idea that the states form the goverment so they can ignore laws if they choose
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| Pet banks | Banks that all the federal money went into after Jackson took it out of the B.U.S
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| Primogeniture | The idea that the first son gets everything and the others have to make there own life
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| Joseph Smith | Original leader of the mormons
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| Spot Resolutions | Abraham Lincoln's demanding to know were the Mexicans killed an American
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| XYZ Affair | affair between France and America when French officials try to get American officials to pay them off
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| Young, Brigham | 2nd leader of the mormon's after Joseph Smith
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| Divorce Bill | Bill that took took the federal money from the B.U.S and put it into pet banks
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| Eaton, Peggy | women who was getting harassed by Jackson's cabinet and wifes which caused the split of the cabinet
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| Force Bill | Bill that made south carolina pay the tarrifs
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| Corrupt Bargain | deal between adams and clay which made adams the president and clay see of state
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| Cotton Grin | new invention that sped up the production of cotton. INVENTOR: Eli Whtiney
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| Morse, Samuel | Invented the telegraph and morse code
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| Oklahoma | Where all the indians were moved under Jackson
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| John Brown | A militant abolitinoist, perhaps the most "sung about" man in that time other than Jesus. Obsessed w/ abolition slavery.
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| "Bleeding Kansas" | Senator Charles Sumner of Massachusetts. An abolitionist 1856 he gave a speech to senated condemning proslavery men and also S.C. and its senator for slavery
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| Missouri | In Missouri Compromis Missouri became a slave state.
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| Maine | Missouri Compromise Maine became a slave free state.
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| Middle Passage | The slave trading passage between Africa and America many Africans died over the voyage.
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| Dred Scott Case | Abolitionist. A black man in a free state with his master. His master died, he went to trail to get his freedom. He lost even though he was in a slave free state. They said because slaves aren't citizens.
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| Navigation Laws | 1660 when sending out exports for trade, they had to stop and pay taxes at English ports. Made colonists angry and mad.
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| Compromise of 1850 | California admitted as a free state, territory desputed by Texas and New Mexico to be surrendered to New Mexico, Abolition of the slave trade (but not slavery) in the District of Colombia. Texas recieved $10 million form federal govermnet as compensation,
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| Declaration of Rights and Sentiments | Document written like the Declaration of Independence, gave woman right to vote, own property, right to education, basically bill of rights.
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| Democratic-Republicans | Members of the Democratic-Republican Party believed that a strong federal government would weaken and not respect the rights of the states and the people.
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| Garrison, William Lloyd | The most conspicuous and most vilified of the abolitionist. He favored Northern secession for the South. Had a bad temper and mouth.
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| Great Compromise | made to solve representation problems between small states and large states. The congress became a bicameral system consisting of two parts, senate and house of reps.
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| Harrison, William Henry | 9th president, 1st to die in office, served for 1 month shortest president term, first to have a campaign slogan "Tippecanoe and Tyler, too"
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| Independence Day | is the American national holiday commemorating the adoption of the Declaration of Independece in 1776.
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| Masons | people who participated in secret fraternities.... I Think!??! Wtf.
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| Midnight Judges | judicial appointments made by John Adams just before the end of his presidential term in 1801
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| Black Forties | The potatoes in Ireland turned back so the Irish and German immigrated into America in the1840s, caused the "Nativist Party" to form (the only liked native born Americans)
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| Marbury vs. Madison | Constitution must be supreme law of the land
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| McColloch vs. Maryland | Maryland tried to destroy a branch of the BUS by making taxes on its notes, they were denied the right by the Hamilton Doctrine.
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| Missouri Compromise | 1820 there was an imbalance, 11 states w/o slaves, 12 w/ slaves. Maine joined as a slave free state, solved that problem
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| Mosquito Fleet | One boat w/ one gun, showed how bad we needed an army.
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| Common Sense | Thomas Paine, led colonists into realizing their inconsistency
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| Boston Port Act | A result of the Boston Tea Party, Britain closed the port until the colonists would pay for the tea.
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| Lexington and Concord | Troops were sent to seize stores of colonial gunpowder and bag the "rebel" ring leaders. Led to Lexington Massacre.
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| Mercantilism | Economic belief that colonies exists to enrich the mother country. Bled the colonies of gold and raw materials, sttifled full economic growth.
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| Thomas Jefferson | A founding fore father a very respectable trusted man. Chosen to lead revolutionary army for several reasons, wrote Declaration of Independence.
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| Andrew Jackson | Sickly man, orphan self-made military hero (Battle of New Orleans), western became the 7th president. Worked hard to get there. His life shaped his political views. Killed the BUS.
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| Lucretia Mott | Fought for woman rights. Wasn't recognized at the London antislavery convention, she was pissed.
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| Embargo | United States stoppped all foreign trade in on effort to pressure Britiain and France into respecting our rights as a neutral.
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| General Incorporation Law | Limited liability, anyonce can incorporate (start a business).
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| Robert Fulton | Invented the Steam boat. Made transportation easier.
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| Alexander Hailton | Started the BUS
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| Howe and Singer | Elias Howe invented sewing machine that gave a big boost to clothes production.
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| McCormick's Reaper | Invented by Cyrus McCormick, Did the work of 5 men w/ just on. Brought down the demand for slavery.
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| Loyalist | Colonists who were loyal to the king of England, King George 3rd
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