fall geology review
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| The two most abundant elements in the Earth's crust are | silicon and oxygen
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| An example of a common nonferromagnesian silicate mineral is | calcite
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| The ratio of a mineral's weight to the weight of an equal volume of water is its | density
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| The atomic number of an element is determined by the | number of protons
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| After silicates, the most important rock-forming minerals | carbonates
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| Lacks good cleavage | quartz
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| Calcite will scratch glass | True
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| Feldspars | most abundant mineral as a group
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| Micas and clay minerals | of sheet silicates
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| The property that causes salt to come out of the salt shaker as tiny cubes | cleavage
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| You can identify diamonds by seeing if they scratch glass | True
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| Calcite and dolomite are | carbonate minerals
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| Many minerals break along closely spaced planes and are said to possess | cleavage
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| (Mg,Fe)2SiO4 means that in addition to silica | magnesium and iron can substitute for one another
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| Which property is least reliable in identifying minerals | color
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| The property that makes gold panning possible | density
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| The single most important group of minerals in abundance | silicates
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| Limestone and dolomite are made from these minerals | carbonates
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| Have good cleavage and fizz in acid | carbonates
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| Light in color and weight, good cleavage, often water-soluble | halides
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| A hard mineral is most likely to be one of these | silicates
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| Most likely to split into thin sheets | mica
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| The atomic number of an element is determined by its | number of protons.
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| The atomic weight of an element is determined by its | total of protons plus neutrons.
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| How can rain forests be so lush if the soil is so poor | The ecosystem is very effective at recycling nutrients
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| Why small particles weather faster than large ones | They have more surface area for chemical reactions
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| The B horizon of a soil is the zone of | accumulation
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| The dominant form of weathering in deserts is _____, desert vegetation is _____, and soils are _____ | mechanical, limited, thin
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| Granite weathers more rapidly than quartzite because it contains abundant | feldspars
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| The most intense chemical weathering would be expected where | the Amazon Basin
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| We would expect little chemical weathering, but intense frost action here | Minnesota
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| Little chemical weathering, episodic and violet rainfall with rapid erosion would be most likely here | the Amazon Basin
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| Rapid chemical weathering because of acid rain would probably happen where | Manhattan
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| Least likely to weather rapidly | quartzite
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| Rocks often shatter when they freeze because | ice expands when it freezes
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| A metamorphosed equivalent of a limestone would be | marble
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