Nervous system
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| lept/o | thin, slender
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| alges/o | excessive
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| lex/o | word, phrase
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| tax/o | order, coordination
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| my/o | muscle
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| myel/o | spinal cord
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| radicul/o | nerve root
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| thec/o | sheath
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| -praxia | action
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| -plegia | paralysis
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| -phasia | speech
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| syncop/o | to cut off, cut short
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| -algesia | sensitivity to pain
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| mening/o, meningi/o | meninges, membranes
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| -sthenia | strength
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| -algia | pain
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| -esthesia | sensation
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| -kinesia, -kinesis, -kinetic | movement
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| -lepsy | seizure
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| -paresis | weakness
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| vag/o | vagus nerve
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| thalam/o | thalamus
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| pont/o | pons
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| neur/o | nerves
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| gli/o | glial cells
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| encephal/o | brain
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| dur/o | dura mater
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| cerebr/o | cerebrum
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| cerebell/o | cerebellum
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| caus/o | burning
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| comat/o | deep sleep
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| esthesi/o | feeling, nervous
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| kines/o, kinesi/o | movement
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| Major divisions of the nervous system | Central Nervous System (CNS)
Peripheral Nervous System
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| What is included in the CNS? | brain and spinal cord
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| What is included in the peripheral nervous system? | cranial nerves, spinal nerves, plexuses
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| All cranial nerves carry impulses between the brain and the head and neck EXCEPT... | cranial nerve X
Vagus nerve
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| How many cranial nerve pairs are there? | 12
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| How many spinal nerve pairs are there? | 31
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| What is the name of a microscopic nerve cell? | neuron
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| Examples of neurotransmitters.. | Acetylcholine, norepinephrine, epinephrine(adrenaline), dopamine, serotonin and endorphins
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| The transfer of impulse across the synapse depends on the release of a chemical substance called... | neurotransmitter
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| What is the largest part of the brain? | cerebrum
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| What are sheets that nerve cells lie in, in the cerebrum? | cerebral cortex
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| What are folds that the cerebral cortex are arranged in? | gyri
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| What are grooves that separate the gyri? | sulci
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| What are the halves called that the brain is divided into? | cerebral hemispheres
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| What are the four lobes that each cerebral hemisphere is divided into? | Frontal, parietal, occipital and temporal
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| What are some of the functions of the cerebrum? | thought, judgement, memory, association and descrimination
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| What are the spaces called in the middle of the cerebrum? | ventricles
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| What is the watery fluid that flows throughout the brain and around the spinal cord? | cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
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| What is the function of cerebrospinal fluid? | to protect the brain and spinal cord from shock by acting as a cushion
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| What is the process of withdrawing CSF for diagnosis or relief of pressure on the brain? | Lumbar puncture (LP)
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| What is the part of the brain that functions to coordinate voluntary movement and maintain posture and balance? | cerebellum
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| Pons and medulla are part of the what? | brainstem
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| What are centers of the medulla oblongata? | respiratory, cardiac and vasomotor
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| Thinking, personality, sensations, movement, memory | cerebrum
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| Relay station for sensory impulses; pain | thalamus
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| Body temperature, sleep, appetite, emotions, controls pituitary gland | hypothalamus
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| Coordination of voluntary movements and balance | cerebellum
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| Connection of nerves (to eyes and face) | pons
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| Nerve fibers cross over. Contains centers to regulate heart, blood vessels and respiratory system | medulla oblongata
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| Brain disorder marked by gradual and progressive mental deterioration with personality changes and impairment of daily function. | Alzheimer disease
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| Degenerative disorder of motor neurons in the spinal cord and brainstem | amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
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| Chronic brain disorder characterized by recurrent seizure activity | epilepsy
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| Destruction of the myelin sheath on neurons in the CNS and it's replacement by plaques of sclerotic (hard) tissue | multiple sclerosis
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| Autoimmune neuromuscular disorder characterized by weakness of voluntary muscles | myasthenia gravis
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| paralysis of one side of the face | Bell palsy
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| Degeneration of neurons in the basal ganglia, ocuring in later life and leading to tremors, weaknes in muscles, slowness in movement | Parkinson disease
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| Involuntary, spasmodic, twitching movements, uncontrollable vocal sounds, inappropriate words | Tourette syndrome
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| Disruption in the normal blood supply to the brain; stroke | cerebrovascular accident (CVA)
(thrombotic, emolic and hemorrhagic)
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| Paralysis of all four limbs | quadraplegia
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| Paralysis of one side of the body | hemiplegia
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| Weakness of one side of the body | hemiparesis
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| Partial or total loss of the ability to communicate verbally or using written words | aphasia
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| Failure of muscular coordination | ataxia
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| Faint, temporary loss of conciousness | syncope
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| ALS | amytrophic lateral sclerosis
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| CVA | cerebrovascular accident
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| TIA | transient ischemic attack
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| LP | lumbar puncture
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| CNS | central nervous system
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| CSF | cerebrospinal fluid
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| EEG | electroencephalography
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| MS | multiple sclerosis
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