Cricks Action Potential Flashcards
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| What is a membrane potential? | A situation where a cell has a different electrical charge inside compared to outside
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| What does it mean to be polarized? | A polarized cell is one that has a membrane potential
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| What is a resting membrane potential? | The RMP is the relative difference in charge between the inside and outside of a neuron or muscle cell.
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| What is voltage in cell membrane terminology | Not electricity, rather is the difference in charged ions (+ and -) inside and outside of a cell. Typically the inside is -70mV.
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| What is an ion channel? | An opening in a cell membrane that allows certain charged ions to pass through
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| What 2 causes are there for ions to cross a membrane? | to diffuse from an are of higher concentration to lower concentration, or to move away from like charges, toward opposite charges
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| What does a leakage channel do? | Allows a small, steady stream of ions to leak across the membrane
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| What is the most common leakage channel? | Potassium (K+) so a cell is more permeable to K than Na
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| What is a gated channel? | Similar to a leakage channel, but opens and closes on demand.
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| What is a gated channel that opens/closes in response to a voltage change in the membrane? | Voltage gated channel
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| What causes a resting membrane potential? | More pos ions outside the membrane, more - inside
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| What is an action potential? | a sequence of events that rapidly reverse or decrease a resting membrane potential
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| What is a threshold? | When a nerve is stimulated to a threshold, it begins a chain reaction of opening gated channels, allowing for depolarization of the membrane.
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| What is a repolarization? | A short period of time following a depolarization when the gated channels return to normal, and the resting membrane potential is reconstructed
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| What is the all-or-none principle? | A nerve will not conduct an impulse at all unless the threshold is met, no partial impulse is possible.
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