Pediatrics Mid Term
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| Define Pediatrics | Study of development & care of children & the treatment of childhood diseases
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| Define growth of children | Increase in the size of the body
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| Define child development | Increase in the function of the body
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| What is the ages of New born growth & development | Birth - 2 to 4 weeks
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| What is the ages of Infant growth & development | 4 weeks to 1 year
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| What is the ages of toddler growth & development | 1 yr to 3 yrs
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| What is the ages of pre school growth & development | 3 yrs to 6 yrs
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| What is the ages of School age child growth & development | 6 yrs to 12 yrs
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| What is the ages of adolescence growth & development | 12 yrs to adult
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| What is the first principle of Growth & Development | Occurs in an orderly sequence (Head to Toe)
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| What is the second principle of Growth & Development | Growth is continuous & characterized by spurs of growth & periods of relative rest
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| What are the growth guidelines for the height of a 0 to 6 month old | 1 inch a month
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| What are the growth guidelines for the height of a 6 month to 1 year old | 2/3 of an inch per month
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| What are the growth guidelines for weight during first year | doubles in first 6 months; triples in first year
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| What does gestational age mean? | Length of time in utero (Time mother carries baby)
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| At how many weeks is a baby considered preterm? | Before 37 weeks
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| At how weeks is a normal term | 38 to 42 weeks
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| At how many weeks is the baby considered postterm | 42 weeks and later
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| What does LGA stand for | Large for Gestational Age (Baby is larger then 90% of babies of the same age)
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| What does SGA stand for | Small for Gestational Age (Baby is smaller then 90% of babies the same age)
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| What does Apgar score represent | Assess new borns physical stature at birth
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| When is the Apgar score taken the first time | When baby is one minute old
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| When is the Apgar score taken the second time | When the baby is 3 to 5 minutes old
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| What is a normal apgar score | 7 to 10
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| What is largest part of a new born | the head
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| What does OFC stand for | occipitofrontal head circumference
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| Why do we measure the occipitofrontal head circumference | To access brain growth
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| What is nornal OFC at birth | 13 - 15 inches or 33 - 35.5 cm
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| What is the medical term for a babies soft spot | fontanel
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| What is a fontanel | Soft membranous seams between skull bones
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| How many fontanels does a baby have | Two
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| What the names of the fontanels | Anterior - which is located on the top of the head & posterior at the back of head
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| At what age does the anterior fontanels close | 12 to 18 months
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| At what age does the posterior fontanel close | 6 to 8 weeks
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| What does molding mean | Compression of the head as it moves through birth canal
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| At what age does an infant develop good head control | 4 months
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| What do infants see best at birth | bright lights
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| When do tears begin to develop | 2 months
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| When can they follow movement with their eyes | 2 months
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| When do they get full eye control | 4 months
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| When do they develope depth perception | 9 months
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| Why are infants & younger children more prone to ear infections then older children | Eustachian tube is shorter and more horizontal
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| What are Mongolian spots | Bluish black pigmentation on the lower back, buttocks, anterior trunk, fingers & feet
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| What ethnic groups does Mongolian spots effect most | African, Indian, Hispanic, Asian & Mediterranean decent
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| What is milia | Small pin point white or yellow dots on the forhead, checks, nose & chin
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| What causes Milia | Blocked sweat or oil glands
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| Why does physiologic jaundice develop | Massive destruction of mothers circulating red blood cells
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| What is jaundice | yellow color to skin from elevated billirubin
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| What is the medical term for baby teeth | deciduous teeth
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| When do deciduous teeth usually begin to erupt | 5 to 9 months
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| What is meconium | Medical term for babies first stool
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| What does meconium look like | Black & tary
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| What is the term for a babies second type of stool | Transitional stool / looks yellowish green & seedy like cottage cheese
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| What is the term for a babies third type of stool | milk stool / looks soft brown
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| At what age does a baby start lifting their head | 3 months
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| At what age does a baby start being able to put their hand to their mouth | 3 months
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| At what age can a baby sit up with support | 6 months
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| At what age does a baby start graping & minipulating objects | 6 months
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| At what age can a baby sit up without support | 9 months
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| At what age does a baby start pulling itself to a standing position | 9 months
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| At what age does a baby start crawling | 9 months
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| At what age does a baby transfer objects from hand to hand | 9 months
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| At what age does a baby begin to build blocks | 12 months
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| At what age does a baby begin to creep, cruise or walk | 12 months
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| At what age does a baby begin to turn pages in a book | 12 months
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