Human Body Review - Pt. 1 5 body systems
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| The type of digestion that involves physically tearing, smashing, or grinding food. | Mechanical digestion
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| The type of digestion that involves chemical changes. | Chemical Digestion
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| The 6 different nutrients needed for the body to operate are carbohydrates, proteins, vitamins, minerals and ??? | Water
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| One of the main functions of the digestive system is to remove ____ _________ from the body. | Solid waste
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| Your cells use_____ and oxygen which produces energy, carbon dioxide and water. | Sugar
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| Which chemical first begins chemical digestion? | Saliva
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| What structure is the 'food tube'? | Esophagus
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| Gastric juices break down food here (chemical) | Stomach
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| Smooth muscles churn food here (mechanical digestion) | Stomach
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| The waves of smooth muscle contraction that moves food down the esophagus. | Peristalsis
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| Here nutrients are now small enough to pass into capillaries of the bloodstream. aka 'absorption'. | Small intestine
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| Extra water is absorbed back into the blood stream here causing remaining food in digestive tract to become more solid | Large Intestine
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| This structure stores solid wastes until they leave the body | Rectum
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| This is the opening through which solid waste exits the body | Anus
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| This structure produces bile which helps break down fats | Liver
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| This structure stores bile before it is delivered to the small intestine through the bile duct. | Gall bladder
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| This structure secretes enzymes and neutralizes stomach acid (chemical digestion) | Pancreas
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| This nutrient is the main energy source for most people | Carbohydrates
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| Name the nutrient catagory: sweets, cereals, breads, potatoes | Carbohydrates
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| Name the nutrient catagory: another energy source, can be unhealthy, most have large amt. of sticky cholesterol. | Fats
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| These compounds build solids in the body, like skin, muscle, hair, etc. A good energy source. | Proteins
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| Name the nutrient catagory: undigestable plant material like peels, oats, seeds | Fiber
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| Organic compounds that keep your cells and tissues healthy. Found in fruits, vegetables. | Vitamins
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| Inorganic compounds that keep the cells and tissue healthy. Example: iron, sodium | minerals
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| This substance provides no energy or nutritional value but is the most important nutrient! Keeps everything in the body working well. | Water
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| Which body system's function is transporting materials? | Circulatory System
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| Which body system's function is gas exchange? | Respiratory System
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| Which body system's function is breaking down food into useable form? | Digestive system
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| Which body system's function is sending messages throughout the body? | Nervous system
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| Which body system's function is regulating body function with hormones? | Endocrine system
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| What small hook-like organ in the digestive system has no apparent function? | Appendix
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| These are chemicals that control how other organs function | Hormones
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| Adrenaline is an example of a ?? | Hormone
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| These organs produce and release hormones. | Glands
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| This is the MASTER gland which controls, growth, puberty, etc. | pituitary gland
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| The pituitary gland is found in the ??? | Brain
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| This gland controls body temperature. | Hypothalamus
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| The hypothalamus is found in the ??? | Brain
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| This gland controls metabolism and weight gain/loss | Thyroid
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| These 4 glands control calcium in the body (great for nerve function!) | Parathyroids
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| These glands makes adrenaline | Adrenals
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| This gland secretes INSULIN and helps cells absorb blood sugar. | Pancreas
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| Another name for gonads | Sex glands
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| The male gonads | testis
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| The female gonads | Ovaries
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| Goiter is a disorder of what gland? | Thyroid
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| The ____ system controls all other body systems. | Nervous
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| The ____ _____ _______ is made up of the brain and spinal cord. | Central Nervous System
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| The ___ and spinal cord make up the CNS. | brain
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| The _____ nervous system is made up of nerves that connect all areas of the body to the central nervous system. | Peripheral
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| _____ neurons carry a response signal from the brain to various parts of the body. | Motor
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| _____ neurons send signals from the body to the brain. | Sensory
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| This organ is THE BIG BOSS of the entire body | Brain
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| This part of the brain controls movement, senses, memory, and thinking | Cerebrum
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| This part of the brain coordinates muscles and balance | Cerebellum
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| This part of the brain controls involuntary life functions like breathing and heart beat. | Medulla oblongata
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| This disorder can occur if the skull slams into the brain, shocking it. | Concussion
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| This disorder effects communication and loss of memory | Alzheimer's disease
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| This disorder involves shaking, loss of muscular control and coordination. | Parkinson's disease
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| This can occur when a clot forms in a brain's blood vessel. Can cause death of brain tissue, or facial droop | Stroke
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| The main function of the respiratory system | Gas exchange
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| What gas is taken into the body in the respiratory system? | oxygen
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| What gas is the waste product of the respiratory system? | Carbon Dioxide
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| This muscle controls breathing by controlling the expansions and contraction of the lungs | Diaphragm
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| This is the entry/exit for gas exchange | Nose/mouth
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| Another name for the trachea | Windpipe
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| This structure carries gas to/from the bronchi | Trachea (or windpipe)
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| These are the two branches of the trachea leading to the right and left lungs | Bronchus
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| These are the branching parts of the bronchi leading to the lungs | Bronchioles
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| These are tiny sacs at the end of the bronchiole; are surrounded by capillaries. | Alveoli
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| These sac-like organs are make of many, many alveoli; expand and contract to allow for inhaling and exhaling. | Lungs.
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| The main function of the circulatory system | Transport! Transport! Transport!
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| The circulatory system delivers ______ and oxygen to all cells in the body. | nutrients
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| Besides nutrients, the circulatory system delivers ___ to all cells in the body. | Oxygen
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| This structure pumps blood to all parts of the body | Heart
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| These structures carry blood | Blood vessels
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| These vessels carry blood AWAY from heart | Arteries
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| These vessels carry blood TO the heart | Veins
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| These structures are the smallest blood vessels that connect arteries and veins. | Capillaries
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| This liquid carries nutrients and wastes | Blood
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| This liquid carries cells to fight infections | blood
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| What is the element of life? All once-living and living things are chiefly made of this! | Carbon
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Created by:
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