Photography Terms 2
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| Talbot | saw the Daguerreotype as a threat to his process, known as the calotype or the Talbotype; his first successful images, made in 1835, were photograms
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| calotype | photographic process created by Talbot around 1840 that used a negative image to produce a positive image; later known as the Talbotype
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| Herschel | invented a chemical he called hyposulphite of soda (“fixer”), which made photographic negatives and prints permanent; coined the word photography
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| Saint-Victor | cousin of Niepce who invented a process for sensitizing a glass plate with an emulsion of silver iodide and fresh, whipped egg white (it was not very sensitive to light, but it rendered good detail and tone, which the calotype was unable to do)
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| Archer | English sculptor who wanted to improve the calotype process; invented the wet-collodin process in 1851
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| wet-collodin | process in which iodized collodin was poured onto a clean plate that was then immersed in a silver-nitrate bath and put into the camera while still wet; development had to be performed before the plate was dry
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| ambrotype | variation of the wet-collodin process; an underexposed wet-collodin negative on glass that appeared like a positive when mounted against a black backing; less difficult to make than the Daguerreotype
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| tin type | variant of the ambrotype that was unbreakable; produced a positive image, usually on a thin sheet of iron; cheaper and easier to make than ambrotypes, but lacked tonal range
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| carte de visite | photographic visiting card that was cheap and was popular during the 1850s; began in France; made using a wet-plate negative
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| Eastman | photographer who manufactured dry plates; patented a camera in 1888 that was loaded with a roll of flexible film capable of 100 exposures – called the Kodak
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