Intro to Bio, Water, and Scientific reasoning and data
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| What is the first major process of the dynamics of an ecosystem? | 1. Cycling of nutrients, minerals gotten by plants return to soil.
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| What is the second major process? | 2) Flow of energy from sunlight to producers to consumers
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| Nucleotides: | The alphabet of inheritance; four kinds exist
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| What are the two characteristics all cells share: | 1) Enclosed by a membrane 2)Use DNA for genetic information
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| Reductionism: | REducing complex systems to simpler components easier to study
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| Systems Bio: | Seeks to model dynamic behavior of whole biological systems
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| What are the three key research developments in Biology? What sort of studies? | 1) Bioinformatics 2) High-throughput technology--DNA sequencing machines 3)Research teams--melting pots of scientists
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| What's the song to remember the classifications of life: | Dear King Phil Could Order Five Grape Sodas
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| What are the three domains of Life: | Bacteria, Archea, and Eucharia
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| What are the contents of Domain Eukarya: | Protists, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia
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| Protists; | Unicellular eukaryotes
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| Fungi: | Decompose organic materia and absorb their nutrients
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| Plantae: | Multicellular eukaryotes that do photosynthesis
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| Animalia: | Consists of multicellular eukaryotes that ingest other organisms
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| What are Darwin's two main points? | 1) Descent with modification 2) Natural Selection
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| What are the two main processes of scientific inquiry? | Discovery Science--describing nature 2) Hypothesis Science--Explaining Nature
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| Induction: | Generalizations based on a large number of observations
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| Hypothesis: | An educated guess that can be tested and falsified
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| Deductive reasoning: | General to specific
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| By how many factors do the experimental and control groups differ? | 1 factor the experiment is designed to test
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| What percent of cells are made of water? | 70-95%
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| What kinds of bonds join hydrogen to oxygen in single water? | polar covalent
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| What are the four emergent properties of water? | 1)cohesion 2)moderator of temperature 3)Expansion upon freezing 4)versatility as a solvent
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| Cohesion: | A substance bonds to itself to keep it together
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| Adhesion: | Clinging of a substance to another substance--water adheres to cell wall to counter gravity
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| How does water moderate temperature | absorbs heat from air that is warmer and releasing stored heat to air that is colder
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| Specific heat: | Amount of heat that must be absorbed or lost for 1g of that substance to change its temp by 1oC
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| Bond breaking releases or absorbs energy: | Absorbs energy
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| Vaporization: | Heat a liquid must absorb for 1g to go from liquid to gas state
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| What is an example of evaporative cooling: | Sweating
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| How many water molecules can a water molecule be bonded to? | Four
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| Mole: | represents the exact number of molecules of a substance in a given mass
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| Molarity: | Moles per liter, unit of concentration
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| What are the four main classes of macromolecules: | 1) Lipids, Proteins, Carbs, and nucleic acids
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| Polymers: | Chain-like molecules that make up carbohydrates, proteins, and nucleic acids
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| Polymer: | Long molecule consisting of many similar building blocks linked by covalent bonds
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| Monemers: | The repeating units that serve as the building blocks of polymers
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| Dehydration: | Monomers form larger molecules
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| Hydrolysis | Breaks down polymers
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| Carbs: | serves as fuel and building material for the body--both sugars and polymers of sugars
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| Polymers are componsed of monosac/disac/polysac? | Polysacs
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| What do the carbon skeletons serve as of monosaccharides? | building materials of the synthesis of other types of small organic molecules
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| What joins two monosacharides: | Glycosidic linkage--a covalent bond formed by a dehydration reaction
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| Starch: | Storage polysaccheride of plants
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| How can sugar be withdrawn from startch? | Hydrolysis reaction
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| Glocegen: | The form in which animals store polysaccharides, a polymer of glucose that is branched
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| Where is glycogen mainly in humans? | In liver and muscle cells
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| Similarity between glycogen and stach: | Glycogen consists of glucose monomers and is the major storage form of glucose in ANIMALS, starch is the major storage unit in plants
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| Cellulose: | A polymer of glucose, like startch
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| Chitin: | A structural polysaccharide used as surgical thread, similar to cellulose
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talkglitter2486