fractures cont. 3/3 mj
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| used to reduce fractures | Traction
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| Traction | Exerts a pulling force on a fractured extremity to provide alignment of the broken bone fragments.
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| Skin traction | applied directly to the skin
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| used in hip and knee fractures | Buck's traction
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| elevates knee | Russell's traction
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| Skeletal traction | provides a strong steady pull and can be used for longer periods of time
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| Gardner-Wells, Crutchfield, Vinke tongs and halo vest | Skeletal traction
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| Important points about traction | weights must hang freely, use padding at pressure points, assess pin sites for redness, drainage, odor.
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| Hip Fractures | most common in the femoral neck and intertrochanteric regions
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| ORIF | Open reduction internal fixation
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| most common cause of falls | fracture of the hip
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| Colles' fracture | break in the distal radius, usually when an outstretched hand is used to break a fall.
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| Pelvis fracture | may require pelvic sling, skeletal traction, double hip spica cast, external fixation
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| Re-implantation | usually involves microscopic resection of the detached limb (fingers and thumb)
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| Impaired Physical Mobility Nursing Implications | ROM exercises of affected extremity, correct alignment of joints,assess stump for complications
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| Pain implications | relaxation or imagery for distraction, heat/cold applications PRN, correct body alignment
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| Risk for Infection implications | standard precautions/aseptic when needed, assess for s/s of infection q-shift, temp. and WBC baseline.
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| Risk for ineffective tissue perfusion implications | neurovascualr checks, elevations of extremity, assess for compartment syndrome, freq. turning
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| Risk for Disuse Syndrome | leads to conractures
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