Cricks Cell Differentiation Flash Cards
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| How many cells does a zygote have when it is first formed? | one
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| How many different cells would a typical human body have? | over one trillion
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| What is the process called when cells divide into 2 equal, new cells? | Cleavage
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| Cells grow into specialized cells that have certain functions? What are examples of types of specialized cells? | muscle cells, skin cells, nerve cells, connective tissue cells, etc...
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| What is the process called where unspecialized cells turn into specialized cells? | Differentiation
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| What causes a cell to begin to differentiate? | Growth factors from outside the cell cause genes inside the cell to be turned on or off.
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| How do genes turning on cause differentiation? | When turned on, a gene causes a certain protein to be made by the cell organelles. When turned off, the cell stops making the protein.
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| Why do proteins cause differentiation? | All specialized cells have unique physical properties that help them do their job. The proteins made by the cells determine the physical properties of the cell.
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| What are some examples of physical properties? | Size, elasticity, ability to transmit nerve impulses, ability to make certain molecules etc...
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| Where were unspecialized cells first discovered? | in fetal tissue
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| What is the name given to stem cells that are found in fetal tissue? | Totipotent stem cells
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| As the stem cells move toward being differentiated, what are the 4 stages it goes through (in order) | 1) totipotent, 2) pluripotent 3) multipotent 4) specialized
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| What is the most versitile type of stem cell used in research? | pluripotent
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Created by:
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