audiology
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| Pure tone | a tone of olny one frequency, no harmonics
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| audiometer | a device for determining the thresholds of hearing
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| air conduction | the courseof sounds that are conducted to the inner ear by way of the outer ear and middle ear
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| bone conduction | the course of sounds that are conducted to the inner ear by way of the bones of the skull
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| transduce | to convert one form of power to another headphones, insert headphones, bone condution oscillator, loud speakers
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| attenuator | the reduction of energy (sound) volume control
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| interrupter | on/off switch for tone
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| false positive | signally that sound is heard when no tone is presented
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| false negative | not signaling when tone is presented and heard.
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| threshold | the level at which a stimulusis barely perceptible. 50 percent of the times presented.
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| Pure tone average | the average of the hearing levels at frequencies 500,1000,2000
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| high pure tone average | the average of the hearing levels 500, 1000, 2000, and 4000
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| masking | the process by which the threshold of a sound is elevated by the simultaneous introduction of another sound.
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| air-bone gap (ABG) | The abount by which the air conduction threshold of a patient exceeds the bone -conduction threshold at any frequency in the same ear.
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| impedance | the opposition to sound-wave transmission. It comprises friction resistance, mass, and stiffness and is influenced by frequency.
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| spondee | a two-syllable word pronounced with equal stress on both syllables.
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| stiffness | the flexibility or pliancy of a mass. The inverse of compliance
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| Speech reception threshold (SRT) | The losest intensity at which at least 50 percent of a list of spondees can be repeated correctly at least 50% of the time.
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| monosyllabic word | one syllable word (word recgnition testing)
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| Phonetically balanced (PB) word lists | lists of monosyllabic words used for determining word recognition scores. Theoretically, each list contains the same distribution of phonemes that occours in connected English discourse.
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| minimum response level (MRL) | The lowest level of response offered by a child to an acoustic stimulus. Could be barely audible or well above threshold.
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| auropalpebral reflex (APR) | contraction of the ring muscles of the eyes in repoonse to a sudden, unexpected sound.
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| Behavioral response audiometry (BOA) | 3 to 6 months observe basic responses to speech or tones or noises at minimal response levels consistent with developmental age.
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| Visual Reinforcement Audiometry (VRA) | 6 to 18 months. head turn response towards a lighted toy in response to presentaiton of a sound
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| play audiometry | 2 years and older
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| APGAR test | The method for evaluating the status of infants immediately and shortly after birth. Observations are made of the child's respiration, heart rate, muscle tone, color, and reflex irritability.
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| High Risk register | a set of criteria designed to help identify neonates whose probability of hearing loss is greater than normal. Can miss up to 50%
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| Moro reflex | A sudden embracing movement of the arms and drawing up of the legs of infants and small children in response to sudden loud sounds
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| Sound field testing | Without headphones.
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Created by:
dbrinker