Mod 1-9 (mixed) All terms & definitions_4
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| nucleus | central, controlling structure in a cell; contains chromosomes with DNA (genetic material)
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| pelvic cavity | pertaining to the space surrounded by the bones of the hip region
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| peritoneum | membrane surrounding the organs in the abdomen
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| pharynx | throat
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| pituitary gland | endocrine gland at the base of the brain; secretes many hormones that stimulate growth of bones & influence other glands such as the thyroid, adrenal & sex glands (ovaries-testes)
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| pleura | a delicate membrane surrounding each lung & divided into two layers
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| pleural cavity | space between the layers of the pleura in the chest
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| posterior | pertaining to the back-dorsal side of the body-structure
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| prone | lying in a horizontal position with face downward
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| proximal | pertaining to a location near the point of attachment-beginning of an organ
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| sacral | pertaining to the sacrum
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| sacrum | large, triangular bone below the lumbar vertebrae at the dorsal part of the pelvis
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| sagittal plane | vertical plane that divides the body into right-left portion
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| sarcoma | tumor or fleshy tissue such as bone, fat, muscle-cartilage
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| spinal cavity | space surrounded by the backbones-spine
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| spinal column | series of backbones (vertebrae) located on the posterior side of the body
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| spinal cord | nervous tissue within the spinal cavity
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| superficial | pertaining to on the surface of the body
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| supine | lying horizontally on the back with face upward
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| thoracic cavity | space in the chest surrounded by the ribs, spinal column, breastbone, diaphragm & chest wall muscles.
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| thoracotomy | incision of the chest
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| thyroid gland | endocrine gland in the neck; secretes the hormone thyroxine (T4)
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| trachea | windpipe, tube leading from the larynx (voice box) to the bronchial tubes
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| tracheal | pertaining to the trachea
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| transverse plane | horizontal plane that divides the body into upper-lower portions
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| umbilical region | region in the area of the naval-umbilicus
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| ureter | one of two tubes carrying urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder
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| urethra | tube leading from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body
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| uterus | muscular organ in a female that nourishes the developing embryo during pregnancy; womb
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| ventral | pertaining to the front-anterior of the body
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| vertebra | backbone
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| vertebrae | two or more backbones
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| vertebral | pertaining to backbones
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| viscera | internal organs
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| visceral | pertaining to internal organs
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| abdominocentesis | surgical puncture to remove fluid from the abdomen
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| achondroplasia | inherited disorder of cartilage formation in the fetus leading to dwarfism.
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| hypodermic injection | placement of a needle below the skin
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| hypoglycemia | high levels of sugar in the bloodstream; diabetes mellitus
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| infracostal | pertaining to below the ribs
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| insomniac | pertaining to without sleep; someone who cannot sleep
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| intercostal | pertaining to between the ribs
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| intravenous | pertaining to within a vein
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| macrocephaly | condition of a larger than normal head
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| malaise | general feeling of bodily discomfort
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| malignant | cancerous; harmful
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| metacarpal bones | hand bones
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| metamorphosis | condition of change of shape-form
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| metastasis | spread of malignant tumor beyond its original location to a distant site
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| microscope | instrument to view small projects
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| neonatal | pertaining to a newborn infant
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| neoplasm | new growth
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| pancytopenia | deficiency of all blood cells; erythrocytes, leukocytes & platelets
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| paralysis | destruction of nerve tissue leading to loss of sensation-motion in a part of the body
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| parathyroid glands | four endocrine glands on the posterior region (dorsal) of the thyroid gland
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| percutaneous | pertaining to through the skin
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| periosteum | membrane surrounding a bone
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| polymorphonuclear | pertaining to a nucleus with several-many shapes; polymorphonuclear leukocytes are white blood cells with a multiobed nucleus
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| polyneuritis | inflammation of many nerves
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| postmortem | after death
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| postpartum | after birth
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| precancerous | pertaining to occurring before a malignant condition
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| prenatal | pertaining to before birth
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| prodrome | symptom that appears before the onset of a more serious illness; i.e. fever that signals onset of viral illness
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| prolapse | sliding forward-downward
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| pseudocyesis | false pregnancy
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| recombinant DNA | insertion of a gene from one organism into DNA of another organism
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| relapse | sliding-falling back; i.e. recurrence of symptoms-decline after apparent recovery
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| remission | send back to good health; disappearance of disease symptoms
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| retroflexion | bending backward
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| retroperitoneal | pertaining to behind the peritoneum
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| subacute | between acute & chronic
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| subcutaneous | pertaining to under the skin
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| suprapubic | pertaining to above the pubic bones
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| symbiosis | close association of different species-state in which (2) people are emotionally dependent on each other
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| symmetry | equality of parts; measured together
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| symphysis | bones that grow together separated by a piece of fibrocartilage; i.e. pubic symphysis of the pelvis
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| syndactyly | fusion of fingers-toes; congenital anomaly
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| syndrome | group of symptoms that occur together indicating a particular condition-disorder
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| synthesis | combination of simple substances to create something new & more complex
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| tachypnea | rapid breathing
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| transfusion | transference of blood from one person to another
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| transurethral | pertaining to across-through the urethra
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| ultrasonography | use of high frequency sound waves that are beyond range of normal hearing to produce a record-picture of organ-tissue
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| unilateral | pertaining to one side
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| absorption | passage of materials through the walls of the small intestine, into the bloodstream
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| achalasia | Failure of the lower esophageal sphincter muscle (LES) to relax; dilation of the esophagus above the stonosis (narrowing) & loss of peristalsis occur
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| achlorhydria | absence of hydrochloric acid from the gastric juice
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| amino acids | the chief constituents of proteins, there are 20 amino acids that contribute to protein synthesis. amino acids form when large protein molecules are digested.
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| amylase | an enzyme that digests starches into simpler substances
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| anal fistula | abnormal tube-like passageway near the anus
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| anastomosis | surgical procedure that creates a new opening between (2) previously unconnected tubular organs or parts of the same organ
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| anorexia | lack of appetite
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| anus | opening of the rectum to the outside of body
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| aphthous stomatitis | inflammation of mouth with small painful ulcers; canker sores
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