Geometry vocab
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| conclusion | the phrase following the word, "then"
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| conditional statement | a statement that can be written in if-then form
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| conjecture | an educated guess based on known information
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| conjunction | a compound statement formed by joining two or more statements with the word "and"
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| contrapositive | negating both the hypothesis and conclusion of the converse statement (~q ~p)
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| converse | exchanging the hypothesis and conclusion of the conditional.
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| counterexample | the false example
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| deductive argument | a group of algebraic steps used to solve problems
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| deductive reasoning | takes all sorts of facts, and takes those to determine whether the hypothesis is true or not(like science with experiments)
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| disjunction | a compound statement formed by joining two or more statements with the word "or"
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| hypothesis | the phrase following the word "if"
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| if-then statement | written in the form of if p, then q.
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| inductive reasoning | reasoning that uses a number of specific examples to arrive at a plausible generalization or prediction
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| inverse | negating both the hypothesis and conclusion of the conditional
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| negation | opposite meaning as well as the opposite truth value
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| paragraph proof | aka informal proof
you write a paragraph to explain why a conjecture for a given situation is true.
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| postulate | aka axiom
a statement that is accepted as true
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| proof | a logical argument in which each statement you make is supported by a statement that is accepted as true.
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| theorem | a statement that has been shown to be true, and can be used to justify that other statements are true.
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| truth value | the truth or falsity of a statement
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| two-column proof | aka formal proof
contains statements and reasons organized in two columns
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| acute angle | the measure of the angle is less than 90
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| adjacent angles | two angles that lie in the same plane, have a common vertex and a common side, but no common interior points
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| angle | formed by two noncollinear rays that have a common endpoint
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| angle bisector | a ray that divides an angle into two congruent angles
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| area | the number of square units needed to cover a surface
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| bases | Two parallel congruent faces
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| circumference | the distance around the circle
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| collinear | points on the same line
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| complementary angles | two angles with measures that have a sum of 90
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| concave | no points of the lines are in the interior
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| cone | A circular base and a vertex
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| congruent | segments that have the same measure
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| construction | methods of creating geometric figures without the benefit of measuring tools
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| convex | some of the lines pass through the interior
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| coplanar | points that lie on the same plane
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| cylinder | A solid with congruent circular bases in a pair of parallel planes
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| degree | the unit used for dividing the distance or circumference into parts. circles have 360 degrees
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| edges | The line segments where the faces interesect
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| face | Each flat surface
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| line | made up of points and has not thickness or width
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| linear pair | a pair of adjacent angles with noncommon sides that are opposite rays (supplementary and 180 degrees)
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| line segment | piece of a line with two endpoints.
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| midpoint | the point of the segment that divides the segment into two congruent segments
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| obtuse angle | the measure of the angle is less than 180 but more than 90
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| opposite rays | the point that determines exactly two rays
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| perimeter | the sum of the length of the sides of the polygon
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| perpendicular | lines, segments, or rays that form right angles
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| plane | a flat surface made up of points
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| point | a location
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| polygon | a closed figure whose sides are all segments
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| polyhedron | A solid with all flat surfaces that enclose a single region of space is called _______.
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| prism | A polyhedron with two parallel congruent faces called bases.
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| pyramid | A polyhedron with all faces (except for one) intersecting at one vertex is a _________.
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| ray | part of a line with one endpoint and extends indefinitely on the other end
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| right angle | the measure of the angle is 90
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| segment bisector | any segment, line, or plane that intersects a segment at its midpoint
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| sides | the rays make up the sides of the angle
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| space | a boundless, three-dimensional set of all points. space contains lines and planes
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| sphere | A set of points in space that are a given distance from a given point.
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| supplementary angles | two angles with measures that add up to a sum of 180
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| undefined terms | Words, usually readily understood, that are not formally explained by means of more basic words and concepts. The basic undefined terms of Geometry are point, line, and plane.
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| vertex | the common endpoint
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| vertical angles | two nonadjacent angles formed by two intersecting lines
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