Essentials of Medical Terminology - Ch. 3
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| -algia | pain
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| cephal/o | head
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| cephalgia (sef-AL-jee-ah) | headache
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| arthr/o | joint
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| arthalgia (ar-THRAL-jee-ah) | joint pain
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| ot/o | ear
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| otalgia (oh-TAL-gee-ah) | earache
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| -cele | hernia (protrusion or displacement of a organ thru a structure tht normally contains it)
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| cyst/o | bladder
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| cystocele (SIS-toh-seel) | hernia of the urinary bladder; protrusion of the bladder onto th vaginal walls
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| rect/o | rectum
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| rectocele(RECK-toh-seel) | hernia of the the rectum; protrusion of the rectum onto the vaginal wall
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| encephal/o | brain
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| encephalocele (en-SEF-ah-loh-seel) | hernai of the brain
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| -dynia | pain
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| gastr/o | stomach
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| gastrodynia (gas-troh-DIN-ee-ah) | stomach pain
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| mast/o | breast
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| mastodynia (mas-toh-DIN-ee-ah) | breast pain
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| -emesis | vomiting
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| hemat/o | blood
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| hematemesis (hee-mah-TEM-eh-sis) | vomiting of blood
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| -emia | blood condition
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| glyc/o | sugar
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| glycemia (glye-SEE-mee-ah) | sugar in the blood
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| -ia | state of; condition
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| pneumon/o | lung
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| pneumonia (new-MOH-nee-ah) | condtion of the lung (inflammation of the lung)
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| -itis | inflammation (the redness, swelling, heat, & pain that occurs when the body protects itself from injury)
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| enter/o | small intestine
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| enteritis (en-ter-EYE-tis) | inflamed small intestine
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| stomat/o | mouth
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| stomatitis (sto-mah-TYE-tis) | inflamed mouth
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| spondyl/o | vertebra
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| spondylitis (spon-dih-LYE-tis) | inflamed vertebra
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| -lysis | destruction; separation; breakdown
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| hem/o | blood
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| hemolysis (hee-MO-lih-sis) | breakdown of blood
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| -malacia | softening
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| cerebr/o | brain
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| cerebromalacia (ser-eh-broh-mah-LAY-shee-ah) | softening of the brain
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| chondr/o | cartilage
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| chondromalacia (kon-droh-mah-LAY-shee-ah) | softening of the cartilage
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| -megaly | enlargement
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| viscer/o | internal organ
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| visceromegaly (VIS-er-oh-meg-ah-lee) | enlargement of the internal organs
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| -oma | tumor; mass
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| lip/o | fat
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| lipoma (lih-POH-mah) | tumor containing fat
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| my/o | muscle
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| myoma (my-OH-mah) | tumor of muscle
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| -osis | abnormal condtion
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| nephr/o | kidney
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| nephrosis (neh-FROH-sis) | abnormal condition of the kidney
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| -pathy | disease process
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| ureter/o | ureter (tube leading from each kidney to the bladder for the passage of urine)
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| ureteropathy (you-ree-ter-OP-pah-thee) | disease process of the ureter
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| -penia | decrease, deficiency
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| cyt/o | cell
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| cytopenia (sigh-toh-PEE-nee-ah) | deficiency of cells
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| -phobia | irrational fear
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| acr/o | top, extremities
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| acrophobia (ack-roh-FOH-bee-ah) | fear of heights
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| -ptosis | downward displacement; drooping; prolapse; sagging
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| blephar/o | eyelid
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| blepharoptosis (blef-ah-rop-TOH-sis) | drooping eyelid
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| nephr/o | kidney
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| nephroptosis (nef-rop-TOH-sis) | drooping kidney
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| -ptysis | spitting
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| hemoptysis (he-MOP-tih-sis) | spitting up of blood
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| -rrhage; rrhagia | bursting forth
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| hemorrhage (HEM-or-idj) | bursting forth of blood; bleeding
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| gastrorrhagia (gas-troh-RAY-jee-ah) | bleeding from the stomach
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| -rrhea | flow, discharge
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| otorrhea (oh-toh-REE-ah) | discharge from the ear
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| -rrhexis | rupture
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| splen/o | spleen
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| splenorrhexis (splee-nor-ECKS-sis) | ruptured spleen
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| -sclerosis | hardening
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| arteri/o | artery
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| arteriosclerosis (ar-tee-ree-oh-skleh-ROH-sis) | hardening of the arteries
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| -spasm | sudden, involuntary contraction
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| blepharospasm (BLEF-ah-roh-spazm) | sudden, involuntary contraction of the eyelid
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| -stenosis | narrowing, stricture
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| phlebostenosis (fleb-oh-steh-NOH-sis) | narrowing of a vein
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| phleb/o | vein
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| -y | process
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| neur/o | nerve
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| path/o | disease
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| neuropathy (new-ROP-ah-thee) | disease process of the nerve
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| -centesis | surgical puncture to remove fluid
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| abdomin/o | abdomen
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| abdominocentesis (ab-dom-ih-noh-sen-TEE-sis) | surgical punture to remove fluid from the abdomen
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| thorac/o | chest
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| thoracocentesis (thoh-rah-koh-sen-TEE-sis) | surgical punture of the chest wall to remove excess fluid from around the lung
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| -desis | surgical binding, surgical fusion
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| arthrodesis (ar-throh-DEE-sis) | surgical fusion of a joint
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| -ectomy | excision; surgical removal
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| oophor/o | ovary
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| oophorectomy (oh-of-oh-RECK-toh-mee) | excision of the ovary
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| -tonsill/o | tonsils
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| tonsillectomy (ton-sih-LECK-toh-me) | excision of the tonsils
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| -grapy | process of recording; producing images
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| mamm/o | breast
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| mammography (mam-OG-rah-fee) | producing images of the breast
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| myel/o | spinal cord
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| myelography (my-eh-LOG-rah-FEE) | producing images of the spinal cord
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| tom/o | to cut
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| computed tomograohy (CT)(toh-MOG-rah-fee) | x-ray beam rotates around the patient detailing the structure at various depths
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| -gram | record; writing
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| lymphangi/o | lymph vessel
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| lymphangiogram (lim-FAN-jee-oh-gram) | record of the lymph vessel (by use of x-ray)
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| -graph | instrument used to record
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| cardi/o | heart
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| cardiograph (KAR-dee-oh-graf) | instrument used to heart activity
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| -metry | to measure; measurement
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| pelv/i | pelvis
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| pelvimetry (pel-VIM-eh-tree) | measurement of the pelvis
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| -meter | instrument used to measure
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| crani/o | skull
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| craniometer (kray-nee-OM-eh-ter) | instrument used to measure the skull
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| -opsy | to view
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| bi/o | life
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| biopsy (BYE-op-see) | prcedure involving the removal of a piece of living tissue, which is then microscopically examined for any abnormalities
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| -pexy | surgical fixation
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| nephr/o | kidney
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| nephropexy (NEF-roh-peck-see) | surgical fixation of the kidney
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| -plasty | surgical reconstruction; surgical repair
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| orchid/o | testicle
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| orchidoplasty (OR-kid-oh-plas-tee) | surgical recontruction of the testicle
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| -rrhaphy | suture; sew
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| colp/o | vagina
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| colporrhaphy (kol-POR-ah-fee) | suturing of the vagina
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| -scope | instrument used to visually examine (a body cavity or organ)
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| bronch/o | bronchus
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| bronchoscope (BRONG-koh-skope) | instrument used to visually examine the interior of the bronchus
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| -scopy | process of visually examining (a body cavity or organ)
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| bronchoscopy (brong-KOS-koh-pee) | process of visually examining the bronchus
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| -stasis | stoppage; stopping; controlling
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| hemostasis (he-moh-STAY-sis) | stoppage of blood
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| -stomy | new opening
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| trache/o | trachea; windpipe
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| tracheostomy (tray-kee-OS-toh-mee) | new opening into the trachea
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| -tome | instrument used to cut
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| myptome (MY-oh-tohm) | instrument used to cut muscle
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| -tomy | process of cutting; incision
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| ten/o | tendon
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| tenotomy (teh-NOT-oh-mee) | process of cutting a tendon
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| -cyte | cell
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| adip/o | fat
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| adipocyte (AD-ih-poh-sight) | fat cell
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| histi/o | tissue
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| histiocyte (HISS-te-oh-sight) | tissue cell
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| -er; -or; -ician; -logist; -ist | specialist; one who specializes; specialist in the study of
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| practition/o | practice
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| practioner (prack-TISH-un-er) | one who has obtained the proper requirement to work in a specific field of study
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| don/o | donate
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| organ donor (DOH-nor) | one who donates organ tissue to be used in another body
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| physi/o | nature
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| physician (fih-ZIH-shun) | specialist in the study of medicine who has graduate fromschool of medicine
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| neur/o | nerve
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| neurologist (new-ROL-oh-jist) | specialist in the study of the nervous system and its disorder
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| pharmac/o | drug
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| pharmacist (FARM-ah-sist) | speicialist license to prepare and dispense drugs
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| -ion | process
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| sect/o | to cut
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| section (SECK-shun) | process of cutting
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| -logy | study of; process of study
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| hepat/o | liver
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| hepatology (hep-ah-TOL-oh-jee) | study of the liver
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| physiology (fiz-ee-OL-oh-jee) | study of function (study of how a structure functions)
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| -plasia | formation; development
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| chondr/o | cartilage
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| chondroplasia (kon-droh-PLAY-zee-ah) | formation of cartilage
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| -poiesis | production; manufacture; formation
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| hematopoiesis (he-mah-toh-poi-EE-sis) | production of blood
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| -trophic; -trophy | development; growth; nutrition
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| thyr/o | thyroid gland
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| thyrotrophic hormone (thigh-roh-TROH-fick) | substance having an influence on the thyroid gland
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| -genic | produced by; producing
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| carcin/o | cancer
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| carcinogenic (kar-sih-noh-JEN-ick) | producing cancer (agent that produces cancer)
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| -oid | resembling
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| oste/o | bone
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| osteoid (OS-tee-oyd) | resembling bone
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| -ole; -ule | small
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| bronchi/o | bronchus
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| bronchiole (BRONG-kee-ohl) | small bronchus
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| ven/o | vein
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| venule (VEN-youl) | small vein
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| -ac; -ah; -ary; -eal; -ic; -ous | pertaining to
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| cardiac (KAR-dee-ack) | pertaining to the heart
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| ren/o | kidney
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| renal (REE-nal) | pertaining to the kidney
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| mammary (MAM-ah-ree) | pertainting to the breast
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| pharyng/o | throat; pharynx
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| pharyngeal (far-IN-jee-al) | pertaining to the throat
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| gastric (GAS-trik) | pertaining to the stomach
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| venous (VEE-nus) | pertaining to a vein
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